Paulik Edit, Maróti-Nagy Agnes, Nagymajtényi László, Rogers Todd, Easterling Doug
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
Cent Eur J Public Health. 2012 Mar;20(1):75-80. doi: 10.21101/cejph.a3716.
Smoking is the leading, preventable risk factor for premature death and disability in Hungary. The objective of this paper was to assess the social acceptability of and the predictors of holding favourable attitudes toward tobacco control policies among the Hungarian population.
A self-administered questionnaire-based study was carried out among individuals aged 16-70 years. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess whether support for the ten tobacco control policies varies as a function of age, sex, educational level, and smoking status.
The majority of the respondents supported the studied tobacco control measures. Over 90 percent of the sample supported: fines for retailers selling tobacco products to minors (92.3%), stricter enforcement of restrictions on selling tobacco products to minors (90.5%), and a ban on smoking in health care institutions (91.4%). The lowest levels of support were for bans on sponsorship by the tobacco industry (52.8%) and price increases on tobacco products (54.9%). For each measure, support was significantly lower among smokers than non-smokers. Age and education were significantly related to support for some but not all measures.
Strong majorities of Hungarians support the enactment and enforcement of a wide range of tobacco control measures, a fact that was acknowledged by Parliament's passage of the 2011 Anti-Smoking Law. Advocacy efforts to encourage the acceptance of tobacco control policies should focus not only on smokers, but also on younger and less educated non-smokers.
在匈牙利，吸烟是导致过早死亡和残疾的首要可预防风险因素。本文的目的是评估匈牙利民众对烟草控制政策持支持态度的社会可接受性及其预测因素。
对16至70岁的人群开展了一项基于自填式问卷的研究。采用逻辑回归分析来评估对十项烟草控制政策的支持是否因年龄、性别、教育水平和吸烟状况而有所不同。
大多数受访者支持所研究的烟草控制措施。超过90%的样本支持：对向未成年人销售烟草制品的零售商处以罚款（92.3%）、更严格执行对向未成年人销售烟草制品的限制（90.5%）以及在医疗机构禁止吸烟（91.4%）。支持率最低的是禁止烟草行业赞助（52.8%）和提高烟草制品价格（54.9%）。对于每一项措施，吸烟者的支持率明显低于非吸烟者。年龄和教育程度与部分而非所有措施的支持率显著相关。
绝大多数匈牙利人支持制定和实施广泛的烟草控制措施，这一事实已被议会通过2011年《反吸烟法》所认可。鼓励接受烟草控制政策的宣传工作不仅应关注吸烟者，还应关注年轻和受教育程度较低的非吸烟者。
