Syed Asad, Ahmad Absar
Division of Biochemical Sciences, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, MS, India.
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2012 Sep 1;97:27-31. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.03.026. Epub 2012 Apr 27.
Nanoscience is a blooming field and promises a better future. In order to fabricate nanoparticles in an eco-friendly and inexpensive manner, significant efforts are being made to replace the chemical and physical methods currently being used with the biological methods. Chemical methods are toxic while the physical ones are very expensive. Biological methods, apart from being cost-effective, also provide protein capped nanoparticles which are thus very stable, have good dispersity and do not flocculate, and may find use in various applications. The present work emphasizes on platinum nanoparticles synthesis protocol which occurs at ambient conditions. The fungus Fusarium oxysporum when incubated with hexachloroplatinic acid (H(2)PtCl(6)) in ambient conditions reduces the precursor and leads to the formation of stable extracellular platinum nanoparticles. The biosynthesis of platinum nanoparticles was monitored by UV-visible spectroscopy and these nanoparticles were completely characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The nanoparticles are in the size range of 5-30 nm and are stabilized by proteins present in the solution. The reduction process is believed to occur enzymatically, thus creating the possibility of a rational, fungal-based method for the synthesis of nanoparticles over a wide range of chemical compositions.
纳米科学是一个蓬勃发展的领域，预示着美好的未来。为了以环保且廉价的方式制备纳米颗粒，人们正在做出巨大努力，用生物方法取代目前使用的化学和物理方法。化学方法有毒，而物理方法则非常昂贵。生物方法除了具有成本效益外，还能提供蛋白质包覆的纳米颗粒，因此非常稳定，具有良好的分散性且不会絮凝，可用于各种应用。目前的工作重点是在环境条件下进行的铂纳米颗粒合成方案。尖孢镰刀菌在环境条件下与六氯铂酸（H₂PtCl₆）一起孵育时，会还原前体并导致形成稳定的细胞外铂纳米颗粒。通过紫外可见光谱监测铂纳米颗粒的生物合成，并用透射电子显微镜（TEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）和X射线光电子能谱（XPS）对这些纳米颗粒进行了全面表征。纳米颗粒的尺寸范围为5 - 30纳米，并由溶液中存在的蛋白质稳定。据信还原过程是通过酶促发生的，因此有可能开发出一种基于真菌的合理方法，用于合成各种化学成分的纳米颗粒。
