University of Split, Split, Croatia.
J Strength Cond Res. 2013 Mar;27(3):802-11. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e31825c2cb0.
The quick change of direction (i.e., agility) is an important athletic ability in numerous sports. Because of the diverse and therefore hardly predictable manifestations of agility in sports, studies noted that the improvement in speed, power, and balance should result in an improvement of agility. However, there is evident lack of data regarding the influence of potential predictors on different agility manifestations. The aim of this study was to determine the gender-specific influence of speed, power, and balance on different agility tests. A total of 32 college-aged male athletes and 31 college-aged female athletes (age 20.02 ± 1.89 years) participated in this study. The subjects were mostly involved in team sports (soccer, team handball, basketball, and volleyball; 80% of men, and 75% of women), martial arts, gymnastics, and dance. Anthropometric variables consisted of body height, body weight, and the body mass index. Five agility tests were used: a t-test (T-TEST), zig-zag test, 20-yard shuttle test, agility test with a 180-degree turn, and forward-backward running agility test (FWDBWD). Other tests included 1 jumping ability power test (squat jump, SQJ), 2 balance tests to determine the overall stability index and an overall limit of stability score (both measured by Biodex Balance System), and 2 running speed tests using a straight sprint for 10 and 20 m (S10 and S20, respectively). A reliability analysis showed that all the agility tests were reliable. Multiple regression and correlation analysis found speed and power (among women), and balance (among men), as most significant predictors of agility. The highest Pearson's correlation in both genders is found between the results of the FWDBWD and S10M tests (0.77 and 0.81 for men and women, respectively; p < 0.05). Power, measured using the SQJ, is significantly (p < 0.05) related to FWDBWD and T-TEST results but only for women (-0.44; -0.41). The balance measures were significantly related to the agility performance for men but not for women. In addition to demonstrating a known relationship between speed and agility in both genders, and a small but statistically significant relationship between power and agility in women, these results indicate that balance should be considered as a potential predictor of agility in trained adult men.
快速变向（即敏捷性）是许多运动中的一项重要运动能力。由于敏捷性在运动中的表现形式多种多样，因此很难预测，研究表明，速度、力量和平衡的提高应该会提高敏捷性。然而，关于潜在预测因素对不同敏捷性表现的影响的数据显然不足。本研究的目的是确定速度、力量和平衡对不同敏捷性测试的性别特异性影响。共有 32 名年龄在 20.02 ± 1.89 岁的男大学生运动员和 31 名年龄在 20.02 ± 1.89 岁的女大学生运动员参加了这项研究。受试者主要从事团队运动（足球、手球、篮球和排球；男子 80%，女子 75%）、武术、体操和舞蹈。人体测量变量包括身高、体重和体重指数。使用了 5 种敏捷性测试：t 测试（T-TEST）、之字形测试、20 码穿梭测试、180 度转弯敏捷测试和前后跑敏捷测试（FWDBWD）。其他测试包括 1 项跳跃能力力量测试（深蹲跳，SQJ）、2 项平衡测试，以确定整体稳定性指数和整体极限稳定性得分（均由 Biodex 平衡系统测量）以及 2 项使用 10 和 20 米直线冲刺的跑步速度测试（S10 和 S20）。可靠性分析表明，所有的敏捷性测试都是可靠的。多元回归和相关分析发现，速度和力量（女性）以及平衡（男性）是敏捷性的最重要预测因素。在男女两性中，最高的皮尔逊相关是在 FWDBWD 和 S10M 测试之间（男性分别为 0.77 和 0.81，女性分别为 0.77 和 0.81；p < 0.05）。使用 SQJ 测量的功率与 FWDBWD 和 T-TEST 结果显著相关（p < 0.05），但仅对女性而言（-0.44；-0.41）。平衡测量与男性的敏捷表现显著相关，但与女性无关。除了在两性中都证明了速度和敏捷性之间存在已知的关系，以及在女性中力量和敏捷性之间存在较小但具有统计学意义的关系外，这些结果表明，在训练有素的成年男性中，平衡应被视为敏捷性的潜在预测因素。
