School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6096, USA.
Workplace Health Saf. 2012 May;60(5):235-42; quiz 243. doi: 10.1177/216507991206000507.
Widely used around the world, pesticides play an important role in protecting health, crops, and property. However, pesticides may also have detrimental effects on human health, with young children among the particularly vulnerable. Recent research suggests that even low levels of pesticide exposure can affect young children's neurological and behavioral development. Evidence shows a link between pesticides and neonatal reflexes, psychomotor and mental development, and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Implications include a need for improved risk assessment and health histories by clinicians, greater education at all levels, more common use of integrated pest management, and continued policy and regulatory strategies to mitigate the effects of and the need for pesticides.
农药在保护健康、作物和财产方面发挥着重要作用，在世界各地广泛使用。然而，农药也可能对人类健康产生有害影响，幼儿尤其易受影响。最近的研究表明，即使是低水平的农药暴露也会影响幼儿的神经和行为发育。有证据表明农药与新生儿反射、精神运动和心理发育以及注意力缺陷多动障碍之间存在关联。这意味着临床医生需要改进风险评估和健康史记录，在各个层面加强教育，更普遍地采用综合虫害管理，以及继续采取政策和监管策略来减轻农药的影响和需求。
