Department of Physiology, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdańsk, Poland.
J Strength Cond Res. 2013 Apr;27(4):916-23. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e31825c327a.
The aim of this study was to examine the effects of applied training loads on the aerobic capacity, speed, power, and speed endurance of young soccer players during 1 soccer season. The participants in the study were 19 young male soccer players (age: 16.61 ± 0.31 years; weight: 64.28 ± 6.42 kg; height: 176.58 ± 5.98 cm). The players completed 150 training sessions and 54 games over the course of 1 soccer season. The training intensity was divided into 4 categories: (a) aerobic performance (61% of the total training duration), (b) mixed aerobic-anaerobic performance (34%), (c) anaerobic lactate performance (3%), and (d) anaerobic nonlactate performance (2%). No significant changes in the V[Combining Dot Above]O2max were observed throughout the season. The players' power level and speed endurance increased significantly with the coincident decrements in their 5-m sprint time. The applied training loads, including 1 high-intensity training session of small-sided games performed during a competitive season, did not significantly change the aerobic capacity of the young soccer players. However, the participants did maintain their V[Combining Dot Above]O2max at the elite level. The first squad players (FSPs) reached the highest level of aerobic fitness in the middle of the season, whereas substitute players (SPs) at the end of the season. Moreover, the V[Combining Dot Above]O2max in FSP was significantly higher (p < 0.003) than in SP in the middle of the season.
本研究旨在考察 1 个足球赛季中应用训练负荷对年轻足球运动员有氧能力、速度、力量和速度耐力的影响。研究参与者为 19 名年轻男性足球运动员(年龄:16.61±0.31 岁;体重:64.28±6.42kg;身高:176.58±5.98cm)。运动员在 1 个足球赛季中完成了 150 次训练课和 54 场比赛。训练强度分为 4 类:(a)有氧表现(占总训练时间的 61%),(b)混合有氧-无氧表现(34%),(c)无氧乳酸表现(3%)和(d)无氧非乳酸表现(2%)。整个赛季,V[Combining Dot Above]O2max 没有明显变化。随着 5 米冲刺时间的同步下降,运动员的力量水平和速度耐力显著提高。在竞争赛季中进行的高强度小场比赛的应用训练负荷并未显著改变年轻足球运动员的有氧能力。然而,参与者确实将他们的 V[Combining Dot Above]O2max 保持在精英水平。一线队球员(FSP)在赛季中期达到了最高的有氧健身水平,而替补球员(SP)则在赛季末达到了这一水平。此外,FSP 的 V[Combining Dot Above]O2max 在赛季中期明显高于 SP(p<0.003)。