Kuttner Leora
Department of Pediatrics, BC Children's Hospital & University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Paediatr Anaesth. 2012 Jun;22(6):573-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-9592.2012.03860.x.
Pediatric hypnosis has a useful role in pre-, peri-, and post-anesthesia to minimize anticipatory anxiety, and as adjunctive treatment to reduce and control pain. This article reviews the literature in the use of hypnosis in pediatric anesthesia to highlight its role and relevancy.
Current research indicates there is an immediate and enduring impact, and long-term benefits of this child-centered intervention. Hypnosis can be included in presurgical consultations to establish cooperation and signals for increasing comfort and to address fears and provide suggestions for rapid recovery with changed expectations for the child's own benefit. Thus prepared, the child is in a heightened state of receptivity and statements and suggestions carry through to peri- and post-anesthesia, when hypnosis can help with extubation, reduce nausea, and ease recovery.
The Magic Glove is one hypno-anesthesia technique that simultaneously addresses pain and anxiety. The process of hypnosis requires training and supervised practice.
Patients in hypnosis treatment conditions have less anxiety and shorter hospital stays and experience less long-term pain and discomfort than do patients in control conditions. There appears little reason not to provide hypnosis as an adjunctive treatment for pediatric patients undergoing anesthesia.
小儿催眠在麻醉前、麻醉中和麻醉后发挥着有益作用，可将预期焦虑降至最低，并作为辅助治疗手段减轻和控制疼痛。本文回顾了小儿麻醉中使用催眠的相关文献，以突出其作用和相关性。
当前研究表明，这种以儿童为中心的干预措施具有即时且持久的影响以及长期益处。催眠可纳入术前咨询，以建立合作关系，并为提高舒适度发出信号，解决恐惧问题，并为加快恢复提供建议，改变对孩子自身有益的期望。如此准备后，孩子处于高度接受状态，这些陈述和建议会贯穿麻醉中和麻醉后阶段，此时催眠有助于拔管、减轻恶心并缓解恢复过程。
魔术手套是一种同时解决疼痛和焦虑问题的催眠麻醉技术。催眠过程需要培训和有监督的实践。
与处于对照状态的患者相比，接受催眠治疗的患者焦虑更少，住院时间更短，长期疼痛和不适也更少。似乎没有理由不为接受麻醉的小儿患者提供催眠作为辅助治疗。
