Department of Cariology and Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Int J Paediatr Dent. 2013 May;23(3):188-96. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-263X.2012.01243.x. Epub 2012 May 18.
OBJECTIVE. The study investigated the influence of exposure to anti-asthmatic medications and of various factors on the caries prevalence in children in Slovenia. METHODS. The study population consisted of children aged 2 to 17 years (n = 220) under treatment for asthma, who had used anti-asthmatic medications for at least 1 year; 220 controls were matched for age. Caries status was determined by the number of decayed, missing, and filled surfaces through clinical examination by two calibrated dentists using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System-II scoring criteria. Questionnaires completed by parents and data from the patients' medical records provided information on various confounding factors. RESULTS. Asthmatic children had significantly higher (P ≤ 0.01) prevalence of caries on primary and permanent teeth in all age groups, and the proportion of caries-free children was significantly smaller (P ≤ 0.05). In multivariate regression analysis, asthma diagnosis, child's age, daily use of inhaled glucocorticoids, length and frequency of medicine application, spacer use, mouth rinsing with water after medicine application, parents' education, frequent food and drink consumption, and frequency of toothbrushing were associated with caries experience of asthmatic children. CONCLUSION. Children with asthma who had used anti-asthmatic medications had higher caries experience in primary and permanent teeth.
目的。本研究调查了暴露于抗哮喘药物以及各种因素对斯洛文尼亚儿童龋齿患病率的影响。方法。研究人群由 2 至 17 岁（n=220）正在接受哮喘治疗且至少使用过 1 年抗哮喘药物的儿童组成；220 名对照者按年龄匹配。通过两位经过校准的牙医使用国际龋齿检测和评估系统-II 评分标准进行的临床检查，通过龋齿、缺失和填补的表面数量来确定龋齿状况。家长填写的问卷和患者病历中的数据提供了有关各种混杂因素的信息。结果。哮喘儿童在所有年龄组的乳牙和恒牙上的龋齿患病率显著更高（P≤0.01），无龋齿儿童的比例显著更小（P≤0.05）。在多变量回归分析中，哮喘诊断、儿童年龄、每日使用吸入性糖皮质激素、药物使用的时长和频率、使用间隔器、药物使用后用水漱口、父母的教育程度、频繁进食和饮料摄入以及刷牙频率与哮喘儿童的龋齿经历相关。结论。使用过抗哮喘药物的哮喘儿童在乳牙和恒牙上的龋齿患病率更高。
