Department of Agroenvironmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Int J Food Microbiol. 2012 Jul 2;157(2):156-61. doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2012.04.024. Epub 2012 May 3.
With the ban of dietary antimicrobial agents, the use of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics has attracted a great deal of attention in order to improve intestinal health and control food-borne pathogens, which is an important concern for the production of safe meat and meat products. Recently, Campylobacter jejuni has emerged as a leading bacterial cause of food-borne gastroenteritis in humans, and epidemiological evidences indicate poultry and poultry products as the main source of human infection. This work aimed at the development of a synbiotic mixture capable of modulating the gut microbiota of broiler chickens to obtain an increase of the beneficial bacteria (i.e. bifidobacteria, lactobacilli) and a competitive reduction of C. jejuni. The prebiotic compound used in the mixture was chosen after an in vivo trial: a fructooligosaccharide and a galactooligosaccharide were separately administered to broilers mixed with normal feed at a concentration of 0.5% and 3%, respectively. Quantitative PCR on DNA extracted from fecal samples revealed a significant (p<0.05) increase of Bifidobacterium spp. in broilers treated with the galactooligosaccharide, coupled to a decrease (p<0.05) of Campylobacter spp. The galactooligosaccharide was then combined with a probiotic Bifidobacterium strain (B. longum subsp. longum PCB133), possessing in vitro antimicrobial activity against C. jejuni. The strain was microencapsulated in a lipid matrix to ensure viability into the feed and resistance to stomach transit. Finally, the synbiotic mixture was administered to broiler chickens for 14 days mixed with normal feed in order to have an intake of 10(9)CFU of PCB133/day. Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp., Campylobacter spp., B. longum subsp. longum and C. jejuni were quantified in fecal samples. PCB133 was recovered in feces of all animals. C. jejuni concentration in poultry feces was significantly (p<0.05) reduced in chickens administered with the synbiotic mixture. This study allowed to highlight the positive effect of the synbiotic approach for C. jejuni reduction in broiler chickens, which is of fundamental importance for the safety of poultry meat consumers.
随着饲料抗菌剂的禁用，为了改善肠道健康和控制食源性病原体，益生菌、益生元和合生元的使用引起了极大的关注，这是生产安全肉类和肉类产品的一个重要关注点。最近，空肠弯曲菌已成为人类食源性肠胃炎的主要细菌性病因，流行病学证据表明家禽和禽产品是人类感染的主要来源。本工作旨在开发一种合生元混合物，能够调节肉鸡的肠道微生物群，以增加有益细菌（即双歧杆菌、乳酸菌）的数量，并竞争性减少空肠弯曲菌的数量。混合物中使用的益生元化合物是在体内试验后选择的：果寡糖和半乳糖寡糖分别以 0.5%和 3%的浓度添加到与正常饲料混合的肉鸡中。从粪便样本中提取的 DNA 进行定量 PCR 显示，用半乳糖寡糖处理的肉鸡中双歧杆菌属（Bifidobacterium spp.）显著增加（p<0.05），同时空肠弯曲菌属（Campylobacter spp.）减少（p<0.05）。然后将半乳糖寡糖与具有抗空肠弯曲菌属（Campylobacter jejuni）活性的益生菌双歧杆菌菌株（B. longum subsp. longum PCB133）组合。该菌株被微囊化在脂质基质中，以确保在饲料中的存活率和对胃转运的抵抗力。最后，将合生元混合物与正常饲料混合，连续 14 天喂给肉鸡，使肉鸡每天摄入 10（9）CFU 的 PCB133。在粪便样本中定量检测双歧杆菌属（Bifidobacterium spp.）、乳杆菌属（Lactobacillus spp.）、空肠弯曲菌属（Campylobacter spp.）、长双歧杆菌亚种（B. longum subsp. longum）和空肠弯曲菌属（C. jejuni）。在所有动物的粪便中都回收了 PCB133。用合生元混合物处理的鸡的禽粪便中空肠弯曲菌浓度显著降低（p<0.05）。本研究强调了合生元方法在减少肉鸡中空肠弯曲菌方面的积极作用，这对家禽肉消费者的安全至关重要。
