Bratz Katharina, Gölz Greta, Janczyk Pawel, Nöckler Karsten, Alter Thomas
Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr. 2015 Mar-Apr;128(3-4):155-62.
Campylobacter (C.) spp. are well recognised as the leading cause of bacterial food-borne diarrheal disease worldwide, with C. jejuni and C. coli as the most important species: C. coli is highly abundant in pigs and pork meat has often been implicated as a source for human infection. Intestinal colonisation of C. coli in pigs plays a role in carcass contamination during slaughter. Different pre-harvest intervention measures are proposed to reduce the C. coli burden in the porcine intestine. Among others, the use of probiotics to prevent or reduce the colonisation of intestinal pathogens is discussed. One aim of this study was to screen a variety of probiotics to evaluate their inhibitory activity against Campylobacter spp. in vitro. Therefore, cell-free culture supernatants of Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp., Enterococcus (E.) faecium NCIMB 10415, and Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 were tested against C. jejuni and C. coli by a well-diffusion agar assay. Seven out of eleven Lactobacillus strains showed an inhibitory activity against at least one of the three tested Campylobacter strains. This antagonistic activity against Campylobacter spp. was caused by the production of organic acids that lowered the pH. Application with pH neutralised cell-free culture supernatants abolished this inhibitory effect. Other tested strains with probiotic properties showed no inhibitory activity against any Campylobacter spp. strain. The strain E. faecium NCIMB 10415 was chosen to test its inhibitory activity against C. coli in vivo. Twenty weaned piglets were allocated into two groups, a probiotic group and a control group.The diet of the probiotic group was supplemented with E. faecium NCIMB 10415 (10(9) cfu/kg feed, Cylactin) since weaning, whereas the control group received no probiotic treatment. All piglets were naturally colonised with C. coli. The excretion load of C. coli was monitored for 28 days. The results indicate that dietary supplementation of E. faecium NCIMB 10415 did not significantly affect C. coli excretion levels in pigs. In this study, E. faecium NCIMB 10415 showed no antagonistic activity against C. coli in vitro and in vivo and had no impact on the growth performance of weaned piglets.
弯曲杆菌属（C.）被公认为全球细菌性食源性腹泻疾病的主要病因，空肠弯曲菌和结肠弯曲菌是其中最重要的菌种：结肠弯曲菌在猪体内大量存在，猪肉常被认为是人类感染的来源。猪体内结肠弯曲菌的肠道定植在屠宰过程中会导致胴体污染。人们提出了不同的收获前干预措施来减轻猪肠道中结肠弯曲菌的负担。其中，讨论了使用益生菌来预防或减少肠道病原体的定植。本研究的一个目的是筛选多种益生菌，以评估它们在体外对弯曲杆菌属的抑制活性。因此，通过琼脂扩散法，对嗜酸乳杆菌属、双歧杆菌属、粪肠球菌NCIMB 10415和大肠杆菌Nissle 1917的无细胞培养上清液进行了针对空肠弯曲菌和结肠弯曲菌的测试。11株嗜酸乳杆菌中有7株对三种测试弯曲杆菌菌株中的至少一种表现出抑制活性。这种对弯曲杆菌属的拮抗活性是由降低pH值的有机酸产生所致。用pH值中和的无细胞培养上清液处理可消除这种抑制作用。其他具有益生菌特性的测试菌株对任何弯曲杆菌属菌株均无抑制活性。选择粪肠球菌NCIMB 10415来测试其在体内对结肠弯曲菌的抑制活性。20只断奶仔猪被分为两组，一组为益生菌组，一组为对照组。自断奶起，益生菌组的日粮中添加了粪肠球菌NCIMB 10415（10⁹ cfu/kg饲料，Cylactin），而对照组未接受益生菌处理。所有仔猪均自然感染结肠弯曲菌。对结肠弯曲菌的排泄量进行了28天的监测。结果表明，日粮中添加粪肠球菌NCIMB 10415对猪体内结肠弯曲菌的排泄水平没有显著影响。在本研究中，粪肠球菌NCIMB 10415在体外和体内对结肠弯曲菌均无拮抗活性，对断奶仔猪的生长性能也没有影响。
