University College London Eastman Dental Institute, UK.
Curr Pharm Des. 2012;18(34):5442-51. doi: 10.2174/138161212803307626.
Oral cancer is a potentially fatal disease with an increasing incidence and an unchanged 5-year mortality rate. Unfortunately, oral cancer is often still late diagnosed, which leads to an increase in the likelihood of functional impairment due to treatment and mortality rate. Definitive diagnosis of oral cancer must be confirmed by scalpel biopsy and histological assessment. However despite its benefits, scalpel biopsy is invasive and it is burdened by a potential morbidity. Furthermore, previous studies have suggested a high degree of intraobserver and interobserver variability regarding the histological evaluation of malignancy. As a consequence, in recent years there has been a growing and persisting demand towards developing new non-invasive, practical diagnostic tools that might facilitate the early detection of oral cancer. The most investigated non-invasive adjunctive techniques are vital staining, autofluorescence, chemiluminescence, narrow band imaging, and exfoliative cytology. Aim of the review is to critically describe these adjunctive aids and, after considering the literature data, an expert opinion on the effectiveness and the possible use of each technique will be provided.
口腔癌是一种具有潜在致命性的疾病，其发病率不断增加，5 年死亡率保持不变。不幸的是，口腔癌通常仍被诊断得较晚，这导致由于治疗和死亡率而增加功能障碍的可能性。口腔癌的明确诊断必须通过手术刀活检和组织学评估来确认。然而，尽管有其益处，手术刀活检具有侵入性，并且存在潜在的发病率。此外，先前的研究表明，在对恶性肿瘤进行组织学评估方面，观察者内和观察者间的变异性很高。因此，近年来，人们对开发新的非侵入性、实用的诊断工具的需求不断增长且持续存在，这些工具可能有助于早期发现口腔癌。研究最多的非侵入性辅助技术是活组织染色、自发荧光、化学发光、窄带成像和脱落细胞学。本综述的目的是批判性地描述这些辅助手段，并在考虑文献数据后，就每种技术的有效性和可能用途提供专家意见。
