Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2012 Jun;28(6):299-305. doi: 10.1016/j.kjms.2011.11.010. Epub 2012 Apr 3.
The aorta, which has a complex intrinsic biology and sophisticated mechanical properties for conducting the blood ejected from the left ventricle to the rest of the systemic arterial bed, is the largest and strongest artery in the body. It carries roughly 200 million liters of blood in an average lifetime. Any process that undermines the architecture threatens the structure, stability, and functionality of the aorta. In this regard, acute aortic dissection (AAD) requires special attention because it is the most catastrophic acute illness of the aorta; it has high morbidity and mortality because of potentially fatal complications. AAD has, therefore, become an important topic of recent research, and knowledge about this disease has improved during the past few years. Up-to-date knowledge about the natural history, epidemiology, presentation, physiopathology, evolution, management, follow-up, and long-term outcomes of AAD are summarized in this review.
主动脉是人体中最大、最强的动脉，具有复杂的内在生物学特性和复杂的机械性能，用于将从左心室射出的血液输送到全身动脉床的其他部位。它在一生中大约输送 2 亿升血液。任何破坏结构的过程都会威胁到主动脉的结构、稳定性和功能。在这方面，急性主动脉夹层 (AAD) 需要特别关注，因为它是主动脉最具灾难性的急性疾病；由于潜在的致命并发症，其发病率和死亡率都很高。因此，AAD 已成为最近研究的一个重要课题，近年来对这种疾病的认识有所提高。本综述总结了 AAD 的自然史、流行病学、表现、病理生理学、演变、治疗、随访和长期结果的最新知识。
