Assessing and managing metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk in midlife women.

BACKGROUND

The components of metabolic syndrome (MetS), a major cardiovascular risk in women that includes diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, can evolve during the perimenopause transition. Lifestyle interventions have been shown to ameliorate or prevent individual components of MetS.

PURPOSE

This article will describe the hormonal and vascular changes occurring during perimenopause and discuss how they set the stage for MetS in women. The available screening tools (Framingham Assessment for Coronary Heart Disease vs Framingham General Cardiovascular Risk Profile vs Reynolds Risk Assessment) will be compared and contrasted within the context of the 2011 Updated Guidelines for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Women via case study.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS

Target goals and interventions to reduce or ameliorate the components of MetS will be presented, with a focus on achieving ideal cardiovascular health.