Mommaerts Jean-Luc, Goubert Liesbet, Devroey Dirk
Department of General Practice, Faculty of Medicine, Free University of Brussels, Belgium.
Perspect Biol Med. 2012;55(2):175-82. doi: 10.1353/pbm.2012.0018.
The human mind contains much more than concepts. By only taking into account the conceptual level, a cared-for person may feel utterly lonely and abandoned, not deeply in contact with the caregiver, not deeply understood for who he or she really is. A chronic pain patient, for instance, may react to a purely conceptual-level communication, with its lack of deeper contact, by an increasing sense of loneliness. This in itself may substantially contribute to the suffering of chronic functional pain or even functional disorders in general. In dealing with chronic pain patients, as with any patients, it is therefore very important to develop a sense of empathy that goes beyond this, towards deeply understanding the patient as complete person. This sheds a profound light on the all-important nonspecific factors of psychotherapy, which according to many researchers form the only profoundly active principle in psychotherapy.
人类的思维所包含的远不止概念。仅考虑概念层面，被照顾者可能会感到极度孤独和被遗弃，无法与照顾者进行深度接触，自己真实的样子也无法被深刻理解。例如，慢性疼痛患者可能会对缺乏深度接触的纯概念层面的交流做出反应，愈发感到孤独。这本身可能会极大地导致慢性功能性疼痛甚至一般性功能障碍的痛苦。因此，在治疗慢性疼痛患者时，与治疗任何患者一样，培养一种超越此层面的同理心，即深刻理解患者作为一个完整的人，是非常重要的。这为心理治疗中极其重要的非特异性因素提供了深刻的启示，许多研究人员认为这些因素是心理治疗中唯一具有深刻活性的原则。
