Figley Charles R
School of Social Work, Traumatology Institute Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32301, USA.
J Clin Psychol. 2002 Nov;58(11):1433-41. doi: 10.1002/jclp.10090.
Psychotherapists who work with the chronic illness tend to disregard their own self-care needs when focusing on the needs of clients. The article discusses the concept of compassion fatigue, a form of caregiver burnout among psychotherapists and contrasts it with simple burnout and countertransference. It includes a multi-factor model of compassion fatigue that emphasizes the costs of caring, empathy, and emotional investment in helping the suffering. The model suggests that psychotherapists that limiting compassion stress, dealing with traumatic memories, and more effectively managing case loads are effective ways of avoiding compassion fatigue. The model also suggests that, to limit compassion stress, psychotherapists with chronic illness need to development methods for both enhancing satisfaction and learning to separate from the work emotionally and physically in order to feel renewed. A case study illustrates how to help someone with compassion fatigue.
治疗慢性病患者的心理治疗师在关注客户需求时往往会忽视自己的自我护理需求。本文讨论了同情疲劳的概念，这是心理治疗师中一种照顾者倦怠的形式，并将其与单纯的倦怠和反移情进行了对比。它包括一个同情疲劳的多因素模型，该模型强调了关怀、同理心以及帮助受苦者时的情感投入所带来的代价。该模型表明，限制同情压力、处理创伤记忆以及更有效地管理工作量是避免同情疲劳的有效方法。该模型还表明，为了限制同情压力，患有慢性病的心理治疗师需要开发提高满意度的方法，并学会在情感和身体上与工作分离，以便恢复精力。一个案例研究说明了如何帮助患有同情疲劳的人。
