Webster R A, Blaber S P, Herbert B R, Wilkins M R, Vesey G
Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Australia.
N Z Vet J. 2012 Sep;60(5):265-72. doi: 10.1080/00480169.2012.683377. Epub 2012 May 31.
Adult mammalian tissue contains a population of cells known as mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), that possess the capability to secrete regenerative cytokines and to differentiate into specialised cell types. When transplanted to a site of injury MSC embed in damaged tissue and repair and regenerate the tissue by secreting cytokines. The immuno-privileged and immuno-regulatory capabilities of MSC enhance their therapeutic potential not only in autologous but also allogeneic recipients. Studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of MSC in the treatment of a variety of clinical conditions including osteoarthritis, tendon injuries, and atopic dermatitis in domestic animals. Studies using animal models have shown promising results following MSC or MSC secretion therapy for induced injury in musculoskeletal and nervous systems and some organ diseases. This review describes the stem cell types relevant to regenerative medicine and the procedures used for isolation, identification, expansion, enrichment and differentiation of these cells. We also review the use of MSC in animal models of disease as well as diseases in the clinical veterinary setting.
成年哺乳动物组织中含有一群称为间充质干细胞（MSC）的细胞，这些细胞具有分泌再生细胞因子和分化为特定细胞类型的能力。当移植到损伤部位时，间充质干细胞会嵌入受损组织，并通过分泌细胞因子来修复和再生组织。间充质干细胞的免疫特权和免疫调节能力不仅增强了它们在自体受体中的治疗潜力，也增强了在异体受体中的治疗潜力。研究已经证明间充质干细胞在治疗包括骨关节炎、肌腱损伤和家畜特应性皮炎在内的多种临床病症方面具有有益效果。使用动物模型的研究表明，在间充质干细胞或间充质干细胞分泌疗法用于治疗肌肉骨骼和神经系统以及某些器官疾病的诱导损伤后，取得了令人鼓舞的结果。这篇综述描述了与再生医学相关的干细胞类型以及用于这些细胞的分离、鉴定、扩增、富集和分化的程序。我们还综述了间充质干细胞在疾病动物模型以及临床兽医环境中的疾病治疗中的应用。
