Department of Occupational Medicine, Danish Ramazzini Center, Aarhus University Hospital, Norrebrogade 44, Building 2C, Aarhus C 8000, Denmark.
Hum Reprod. 2012 Aug;27(8):2532-40. doi: 10.1093/humrep/des185. Epub 2012 May 30.
Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) have been suspected to adversely affect human reproductive health. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between PFC exposure and male semen quality.
PFCs were measured in serum from 588 partners of pregnant women from Greenland, Poland and Ukraine who provided a semen sample, using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) could be detected in >97% of the samples. The associations between levels of these compounds and semen volume, sperm concentration, total sperm count, motility and morphology were assessed.
Across countries, sperm concentration, total sperm count and semen volume were not consistently associated with PFOS, PFOA, PFHxS or PFNA levels. The proportion of morphologically normal cells was 35% lower [95% confidence interval (CI): 4-66%) for the third tertile of PFOS exposure as compared with the first. A similar reduction was found in relation to increasing PFHxS levels. At the third PFOA exposure tertile, the percentage of motile spermatozoa was 19% (95% CI: 1 to 39%) higher than in the first.
The most robust finding in the present study was the negative associations between PFOS exposure and sperm morphology suggesting adverse effects of PFOS on semen quality, possibly due to interference with the endocrine activity or sperm membrane function. It cannot be excluded that this association and the positive association between PFOA and semen motility, which was not consistent across countries, might represent a chance finding due to the multiple statistical tests being performed.
全氟化合物（PFCs）已被怀疑对人类生殖健康产生不良影响。本研究旨在探讨 PFC 暴露与男性精液质量之间的关联。
使用液相色谱-串联质谱法测量了来自格陵兰、波兰和乌克兰的 588 名孕妇伴侣的血清中的 PFCs。>97%的样本中可检测到全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）、全氟辛酸（PFOA）、全氟己烷磺酸（PFHxS）和全氟壬酸（PFNA）。评估了这些化合物的水平与精液量、精子浓度、总精子计数、活力和形态之间的关系。
在不同国家，精子浓度、总精子计数和精液量与 PFOS、PFOA、PFHxS 或 PFNA 水平并不一致。与 PFOS 暴露的第一三分位相比，第三三分位的形态正常细胞比例降低了 35%（95%可信区间：4-66%）。随着 PFHxS 水平的增加，也发现了类似的降低。在第三 PFOA 暴露三分位，活动精子的百分比比第一三分位高 19%（95%可信区间：1-39%）。
本研究中最有力的发现是 PFOS 暴露与精子形态之间的负相关关系，这表明 PFOS 对精液质量有不良影响，可能是由于对内分泌活性或精子膜功能的干扰。不能排除这种关联以及 PFOA 与精液活力之间的正相关关系，这在不同国家并不一致，由于进行了多次统计检验，这可能是一种偶然发现。
