Environment Department, University of York, Heslington, York, United Kingdom.
Environ Health Perspect. 2012 Sep;120(9):1221-9. doi: 10.1289/ehp.1104477. Epub 2012 May 30.
Over the past 10-15 years, a substantial amount of work has been done by the scientific, regulatory, and business communities to elucidate the effects and risks of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in the environment.
This review was undertaken to identify key outstanding issues regarding the effects of PPCPs on human and ecological health in order to ensure that future resources will be focused on the most important areas.
To better understand and manage the risks of PPCPs in the environment, we used the "key question" approach to identify the principle issues that need to be addressed. Initially, questions were solicited from academic, government, and business communities around the world. A list of 101 questions was then discussed at an international expert workshop, and a top-20 list was developed. Following the workshop, workshop attendees ranked the 20 questions by importance.
The top 20 priority questions fell into seven categories: a) prioritization of substances for assessment, b) pathways of exposure, c) bioavailability and uptake, d) effects characterization, e) risk and relative risk, f ) antibiotic resistance, and g) risk management.
A large body of information is now available on PPCPs in the environment. This exercise prioritized the most critical questions to aid in development of future research programs on the topic.
在过去的 10-15 年中，科学界、监管机构和商业界在阐明环境中药物和个人护理产品（PPCPs）的影响和风险方面做了大量工作。
本综述旨在确定关于 PPCPs 对人类和生态健康影响的关键遗留问题，以确保未来的资源集中在最重要的领域。
为了更好地理解和管理环境中 PPCPs 的风险，我们使用“关键问题”方法来确定需要解决的主要问题。最初，从世界各地的学术界、政府和商业界征求问题。然后在国际专家研讨会上讨论了一份 101 个问题的清单，并制定了一个前 20 名的清单。研讨会结束后，与会者按重要性对 20 个问题进行了排名。
前 20 个优先问题分为七类：a）评估物质的优先级，b）暴露途径，c）生物利用度和摄取，d）效应特征，e）风险和相对风险，f）抗生素耐药性，和 g）风险管理。
现在已经有大量关于环境中 PPCPs 的信息。这项工作对最关键的问题进行了优先级排序，以帮助制定未来关于该主题的研究计划。
