Receptor Biology Section, Laboratory of Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
Arch Toxicol. 2012 Oct;86(10):1491-504. doi: 10.1007/s00204-012-0868-5. Epub 2012 May 31.
A myriad of physiological processes in mammals are influenced by estrogens and the estrogen receptors (ERs), ERα and ERβ. As we reviewed previously, given the widespread role for estrogen in normal human physiology, it is not surprising that estrogen is implicated in the development or progression of a number of diseases. In this review, we are giving a 5-year update of the literature regarding the influence of estrogens on a number of human cancers (breast, ovarian, colorectal, prostate, and endometrial), endometriosis, fibroids, and cardiovascular disease. A large number of sophisticated experimental studies have provided insights into human disease, but for this review, the literature citations were limited to articles published after our previous review (Deroo and Korach in J Clin Invest 116(3):561-570, 2006) and will focus in most cases on human data and clinical trials. We will describe the influence in which estrogen's action, through one of or both of the ERs, mediates the aforementioned human disease states.
哺乳动物的许多生理过程都受到雌激素和雌激素受体（ER），即 ERα 和 ERβ 的影响。正如我们之前所回顾的，鉴于雌激素在正常人体生理学中的广泛作用，雌激素参与许多疾病的发展或进展并不奇怪。在这篇综述中，我们对过去 5 年有关雌激素对多种人类癌症（乳腺癌、卵巢癌、结直肠癌、前列腺癌和子宫内膜癌）、子宫内膜异位症、肌瘤和心血管疾病的影响的文献进行了更新。大量复杂的实验研究为人类疾病提供了深入了解，但在这篇综述中，文献引用仅限于我们之前的综述（Deroo 和 Korach 在 J Clin Invest 116(3):561-570, 2006）之后发表的文章，并将主要集中在大多数情况下描述雌激素通过一个或两个 ER 发挥作用，介导上述人类疾病状态。
