Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences, Belarus.
Acta Naturae. 2010 Jul;2(2):36-59.
This review focuses on new trends in nucleoside biotechnology, which have emerged during the last decade. Continuously growing interest in the study of this class of compounds is fueled by a number of factors: ( i ) a growing need for large-scale production of natural 2 ' -deoxy- β -D-ribonucleosides as well as their analogs with modifications in the carbohydrate and base fragments, which can then be used for the synthesis and study of oligonucleotides, including short-interfering RNA (siRNA), microRNA (miRNA), etc.; ( ii ) a necessity for the development of efficient practical technologies for the production of biologically important analogs of natural nucleosides, including a number of anticancer and antiviral drugs; ( iii ) a need for further study of known and novel enzymatic transformations and their use as tools for the efficient synthesis of new nucloside analogs and derivates with biomedical potential. This article will review all of these aspects and also include a brief retrospect of this field of research.
这篇综述聚焦于过去十年中核苷生物技术的新趋势。由于以下几个因素，人们对该类化合物的研究兴趣不断增长：（i）对大规模生产天然 2'-脱氧-β-D-核糖核苷及其糖和碱基片段修饰类似物的需求不断增长，这些类似物可用于寡核苷酸（包括小干扰 RNA (siRNA)、微 RNA (miRNA) 等）的合成和研究；（ii）需要开发高效实用的技术来生产具有生物重要性的天然核苷类似物，包括一些抗癌和抗病毒药物；（iii）需要进一步研究已知和新型酶转化，并将其用作高效合成具有潜在生物医学价值的新型核苷类似物和衍生物的工具。本文将综述所有这些方面，并简要回顾该研究领域的历史。
