Wallner Peter, Kundi Michael, Moshammer Hanns, Piegler Kathrin, Hohenblum Philipp, Scharf Sigrid, Fröhlich Marina, Damberger Bernhard, Tappler Peter, Hutter Hans-Peter
Institute of Environmental Health, Center for Public Health, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
J Environ Monit. 2012 Jul;14(7):1976-82. doi: 10.1039/c2em30059a. Epub 2012 Jun 1.
The Children's Environment and Health Action Plan for Europe (CEHAPE) of WHO focuses (inter alia) on improving indoor environments where children spend most of their time. At present, only little is known about air pollution in schools and its effect on the lung function of school children. Our project was set up as an Austrian contribution to CEHAPE. In a cross-sectional approach, differences in indoor pollution in nine elementary all-day schools were assessed and 34 of these pollutants were analyzed for a relationship with respiratory health determined by spirometry using a linear regression model. Overall 596 children (aged 6-10 years) were eligible for the study. Spirometry was performed in 433 children. Socio-economic status, area of living (urban/rural), and smoking at home were included in the model as potential confounders with school-related average concentration of air pollutants as the variable of primary interest. A negative association with flow volumes (MEF(75)) was found for formaldehyde in air samples, benzylbutylphthalate and the sum of polybrominated diphenylethers in school dust. FVC and FEV(1) were negatively associated with ethylbenzene and xylenes in air samples and tris(1,3-dichlor-2-propyl)-phosphate on particulates. Although, in general, the quality of school indoor air was not worse than that reported for homes, effects on the respiratory health of children cannot be excluded. A multi-faceted strategy to improve the school environment is needed.
世界卫生组织的《欧洲儿童环境与健康行动计划》（CEHAPE）尤其关注改善儿童大部分时间所处的室内环境。目前，对于学校内的空气污染及其对学童肺功能的影响了解甚少。我们的项目是奥地利对CEHAPE的一项贡献。采用横断面研究方法，评估了9所全日制小学室内污染的差异，并分析了其中34种污染物与通过肺活量测定法确定的呼吸健康之间的关系，使用线性回归模型。共有596名儿童（6至10岁）符合该研究的条件。对433名儿童进行了肺活量测定。社会经济地位、居住区域（城市/农村）和家庭吸烟情况作为潜在混杂因素纳入模型，以学校相关空气污染物的平均浓度作为主要研究变量。在空气样本中发现甲醛、学校灰尘中的邻苯二甲酸苄基丁酯和多溴二苯醚总量与流量（MEF(75)）呈负相关。用力肺活量（FVC）和第一秒用力呼气容积（FEV(1)）与空气样本中的乙苯和二甲苯以及颗粒上的磷酸三（1,3 - 二氯 - 2 - 丙基）酯呈负相关。虽然总体而言，学校室内空气质量并不比家庭报告的质量差，但对儿童呼吸健康的影响仍不能排除。需要采取多方面的策略来改善学校环境。
