Institutionen för Folkhälsa och Klinisk Medicin, Epidemiologi och Global Hälsa, Umeå Universitet, Umeå, Sweden.
Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2012 Apr;31(4):296-302.
To assess potential risk factors associated with elevated blood lead levels (BLLs) among children in two communities from the Corrientes River basin in the Peruvian Amazon.
Children aged 0-17 years were screened for BLLs, hemoglobin levels, and anthropometric measures. Dwelling, family, and child data were collected through a parental questionnaire. Statistical analysis included descriptive and bivariate analysis. Multiple linear and logistic regressions using generalized estimating equations were also conducted to determine associated risk factors. A map of each community was drawn to examine the spatial distribution of BLLs.
Of 208 children (88 from 23 households of the Peruanito community and 120 from 28 households of Santa Isabel), 27.4% had BLLs > 10 µg/dL. The geometric mean (± standard deviation) BLL was 8.7 ± 4.0 µg/dL (range 3.0-26.8 µg/dL). In the total population, linear regression analysis indicated that age was positively associated with BLLs (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that boys had 2.12 times greater odds of having BLLs > 10 µg/dL than girls (P < 0.05). Among the children 0-3 years, those whose mothers had BLLs > 10 µg/dL had 45.0% higher odds of presenting BLLs > 10 µg/dL than children whose mothers had BLLs < 10 µg/dL (P < 0.05).
Older age, male gender, and mothers' BLL > 10 µg/dL were the main risk factors for elevated BLLs. The higher risk in boys 7-17 years suggests that exposure could be related to specific activities in this group, such as fishing and hunting. Continuous monitoring of BLLs in the Corrientes River population is recommended.
评估秘鲁亚马逊地区科连特斯河流域两个社区儿童血铅水平（BLL）升高的潜在危险因素。
筛选了 0-17 岁儿童的 BLL、血红蛋白水平和人体测量指标。通过家长问卷收集了住所、家庭和儿童数据。统计分析包括描述性和双变量分析。还使用广义估计方程进行了多元线性和逻辑回归，以确定相关的危险因素。绘制了每个社区的地图，以检查 BLL 的空间分布。
在 208 名儿童（秘鲁诺蒂托社区 23 户中的 88 名和圣伊莎贝尔社区 28 户中的 120 名）中，27.4%的儿童 BLL ＞10μg/dL。几何均数（±标准差）BLL 为 8.7±4.0μg/dL（范围 3.0-26.8μg/dL）。在总人群中，线性回归分析表明年龄与 BLL 呈正相关（P＜0.05）。Logistic 回归分析表明，男孩 BLL ＞10μg/dL 的几率是女孩的 2.12 倍（P＜0.05）。在 0-3 岁儿童中，母亲 BLL ＞10μg/dL 的儿童 BLL ＞10μg/dL 的几率比母亲 BLL ＜10μg/dL 的儿童高 45.0%（P＜0.05）。
年龄较大、男性、母亲 BLL ＞10μg/dL 是 BLL 升高的主要危险因素。7-17 岁男孩的风险较高表明，暴露可能与该组特定活动有关，如捕鱼和狩猎。建议对科连特斯河流域人群进行连续的 BLL 监测。
