Delclós Jordi, Gimeno David, Torá Isabel, Martínez José Miguel, Manzanera Rafael, Jardí Josefina, Alberti Constança, G Benavides Fernando
Centro de Investigación en Salud Laboral, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, España.
Gac Sanit. 2013 Jan-Feb;27(1):81-3. doi: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2012.04.005. Epub 2012 May 30.
We present a simple and practical tool that allows the usual distribution of the duration of non-occupational sick leave to be determined by medical diagnosis. A total of 2,646,352 episodes of medically certified sick leave, registered by the Catalan Institute of Medical Evaluations for the period 2006-2008, were followed to closure and were entered into a spreadsheet. Given its asymmetric distribution, the median duration of sick leave was 9 days. Musculoskeletal disorders were the most frequent diagnostic group (22.5%), while neoplasms had the longest median duration (56 days). The most common specific diagnoses were diarrhea-gastroenteritis (8.2%; median: 3 days) and acute rhinopharyngitis (5.2%; median: 4 days). The distribution of the duration of sick leave in a population varies by diagnosis and is asymmetric, with most episodes being much shorter than the mean duration. This finding is important for better clinical and administrative management of sick leave episodes.
我们展示了一种简单实用的工具，该工具可依据医学诊断来确定非职业病假时长的常规分布情况。加泰罗尼亚医学评估研究所登记的2006年至2008年期间总计2,646,352例经医学认证的病假病例，均随访至结束，并录入电子表格。鉴于其分布不对称，病假的中位时长为9天。肌肉骨骼疾病是最常见的诊断类别（22.5%），而肿瘤的中位时长最长（56天）。最常见的具体诊断是腹泻性胃肠炎（8.2%；中位时长：3天）和急性鼻咽炎（5.2%；中位时长：4天）。人群中病假时长的分布因诊断而异，且不对称，大多数病例的时长远短于平均时长。这一发现对于更好地进行病假病例的临床和行政管理具有重要意义。
