Albertí Casas Constança, Valverde Trillo Araceli, Suelves Joanxich Josep María, Domingo Ferrer Lidia, Saltó Cerezuela Esteban, Cabezas Peña Carmen
Subdirecció General d'Avaluacions Mèdiques. Departament de Salut. Barcelona. España.
Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya. Departament de Salut. Barcelona. España.
Rev Esp Salud Publica. 2018 Aug 3;92:e201808043.
Few recent studies have researched into the size and trends of the impact of tobacco use on productivity losses. The objective of this work was to describe the percentage of episodes and non work-related sick leave days with a duration over 5 days due to tobacco use in Catalonia in the period 2007-2016 in relation to the total sick-leave episodes and sick leave days in patients aged 35-64.
Descriptive study of 3,627,107 episodes and 237,219,230 days in sick-leave by any cause, except those work-related, in workers aged 35-64. Population etiological fractions were used. The annual percentage of number of episodes and sick-leave days due to tobacco use in relation with total episodes and sick-leave days was calculated and a trend test was performed.
The percentage of sick-leave episodes and days due to tobacco use was higher in men (3.9%; 5.5% respectively) than in women (2.3%; 1.5% respectively). The trend for sick-leave due to tobacco use was positive, with a maximum OR in 2013. For the number of sick-leave episodes due to tobacco use, the corrected Z was 25.3 in men (p<0.001) and 49.4 in women (p<0.001). For sick-leave days due to tobacco use, the corrected Z was 36.9 in men (p<0.001) and 250.4 in women (p< 0.001).
About 3% of sick-leave episodes with a duration over than 5 days are due to tobacco use, with a positive trend in both sexes. It is necessary to continue reinforcing the tobacco prevention and control policies in order to improve such trends for years to come.
近期很少有研究探讨烟草使用对生产力损失影响的规模和趋势。本研究的目的是描述2007 - 2016年加泰罗尼亚地区因烟草使用导致的持续时间超过5天的发病次数和非工作相关病假天数占35 - 64岁患者总病假次数和病假天数的百分比。
对35 - 64岁工人因任何非工作相关原因导致的3,627,107次发病和237,219,230天病假进行描述性研究。采用人群病因分数。计算因烟草使用导致的发病次数和病假天数占总发病次数和病假天数的年度百分比，并进行趋势检验。
因烟草使用导致的病假次数和天数的百分比男性（分别为3.9%；5.5%）高于女性（分别为2.3%；1.5%）。因烟草使用导致的病假呈上升趋势，2013年的比值比最高。对于因烟草使用导致的病假次数，男性校正后的Z值为25.3（p<0.001），女性为49.4（p<0.001）。对于因烟草使用导致的病假天数，男性校正后的Z值为36.9（p<0.001），女性为250.4（p<0.001）。
约3%持续时间超过5天的病假是由烟草使用导致的，且男女均呈上升趋势。有必要继续加强烟草预防和控制政策，以便在未来几年改善这种趋势。
