Hamilton Elizabeth, Kaneene John B, May Katherine J, Kruger John M, Schall William, Beal Matthew W, Hauptman Joe G, DeCamp Charles E
Center for Comparative Epidemiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2012 Jun 15;240(12):1463-73. doi: 10.2460/javma.240.12.1463.
To determine the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of enterococci and staphylococci collected from environmental surfaces at a veterinary teaching hospital (VTH).
Longitudinal study.
Samples collected from surfaces in 5 areas (emergency and critical care, soft tissue and internal medicine, and orthopedic wards; surgery preparation and recovery rooms; and surgery office and operating rooms) of a VTH.
Selected surfaces were swabbed every 3 months during the 3-year study period (2007 to 2009). Isolates of enterococci and staphylococci were identified via biochemical tests, and antimicrobial susceptibility was evaluated with a microbroth dilution technique. A subset of isolates was analyzed to assess clonality by use of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.
430 samples were collected, and isolates of enterococci (n = 75) and staphylococci (110) were identified. Surfaces significantly associated with isolation of Enterococcus spp and Staphylococcus spp included cages and a weight scale. Fourteen Enterococcus spp isolates and 17 Staphylococcus spp isolates were resistant to ≥ 5 antimicrobials. Samples collected from the scale throughout the study suggested an overall increase in antimicrobial resistance of Enterococcus faecium over time. Clonality was detected for E faecium isolates collected from 2 different surfaces on the same day.
Although not surprising, the apparent increase in antimicrobial resistance of E faecium was of concern because of the organism's ability to transmit antimicrobial resistance genes to other pathogens. Results reported here may aid in identification of critical control points to help prevent the spread of pathogens in VTHs.
确定从一家兽医教学医院（VTH）的环境表面分离出的肠球菌和葡萄球菌的流行情况及抗菌药物耐药性。
纵向研究。
从VTH的5个区域（急诊与重症监护、软组织与内科、骨科病房；手术准备室和恢复室；以及手术办公室和手术室）的表面采集样本。
在3年研究期（2007年至2009年）内，每3个月对选定表面进行擦拭采样。通过生化试验鉴定肠球菌和葡萄球菌的分离株，并采用微量肉汤稀释技术评估抗菌药物敏感性。通过脉冲场凝胶电泳对一部分分离株进行分析以评估克隆性。
共采集430份样本，鉴定出肠球菌分离株（n = 75）和葡萄球菌分离株（110）。与肠球菌属和葡萄球菌属分离相关的表面包括笼子和体重秤。14株肠球菌属分离株和17株葡萄球菌属分离株对≥5种抗菌药物耐药。在整个研究期间从体重秤采集的样本表明，粪肠球菌的抗菌药物耐药性总体随时间增加。同一天从2个不同表面采集的粪肠球菌分离株检测到克隆性。
尽管不足为奇，但粪肠球菌抗菌药物耐药性的明显增加令人担忧，因为该菌能够将抗菌药物耐药基因传递给其他病原体。此处报告的结果可能有助于确定关键控制点，以帮助预防病原体在VTH中的传播。
