Ross University School of Medicine, PO Box 266, Roseau, Commonwealth of Dominica.
Med Teach. 2012;34(11):e732-42. doi: 10.3109/0142159X.2012.689447. Epub 2012 Jun 4.
Previous work identified complex ingredients of a remediation programme for at-risk medical students: mandatory, stable, facilitated small groups promote both cognitive and affective developments, with improved self-regulation, metacognition and reflection resulting in significant performance gains.
We explore the teachers' role in this intervention, aiming to expand and deepen understanding of remediation methods in medical education.
Extensive qualitative data from student surveys and in-depth teacher interviews, along with quantitative student performance data, produced a rich description of remediation processes.
Remediation should support emotional needs and foster cognitive and metacognitive skills for self-regulation and critical thinking. Teachers of remediation need to motivate, critique, challenge and advise their learners, applying teaching and contextual expertise in a constructivist, student-centred environment that fosters curiosity and joy for learning. Teachers of remediation can mediate these processes through embodiment of five core roles: facilitator, nurturing mentor, disciplinarian, diagnostician and modeller of desired skills, attitudes and behaviours.
Remediation of struggling medical students can be achieved through a cognitive apprenticeship within a small community of inquiry that motivates and challenges the students. This community needs teachers capable of performing a unique combination of roles that demands high levels of teaching presence and practical wisdom.
先前的研究确定了高危医学生补救计划的复杂要素：强制性、稳定的、促进的小组促进认知和情感发展，自我调节、元认知和反思能力提高，从而带来显著的成绩提升。
我们探讨了教师在这种干预中的作用，旨在扩展和深化医学教育中补救方法的理解。
学生调查和深入教师访谈的广泛定性数据，以及学生表现的定量数据，对补救过程进行了丰富的描述。
补救应满足情感需求，培养认知和元认知技能，以进行自我调节和批判性思维。补救教师需要激励、批评、挑战和建议他们的学习者，在一个以建构主义为基础、以学生为中心的环境中应用教学和背景专业知识，培养好奇心和学习乐趣。补救教师可以通过体现五个核心角色来调解这些过程：促进者、培育导师、纪律执行者、诊断师和理想技能、态度和行为的建模者。
通过一个小的探究共同体中的认知学徒制，可以实现对挣扎中的医学生的补救，该共同体激励和挑战学生。这个共同体需要能够扮演独特角色组合的教师，这需要高水平的教学存在和实践智慧。
