Akerstedt T, Gillberg M
IPM & Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Int J Neurosci. 1990 May;52(1-2):29-37. doi: 10.3109/00207459008994241.
Eight subjects were kept awake and active overnight in a sleep lab isolated from environmental time cues. Ambulatory EEG and EOG were continuously recorded and sleepiness ratings carried out every two hours as was a short EEG test session with eyes open for 5 min and closed for 2 min. The EEG was subjected to spectral analysis and the EOG was visually scored for slow rolling eye movements (SEM). Intrusions of SEM and of alpha and theta power density during waking, open-eyed activity strongly differentiated between high and low subjective sleepiness (the differentiation was poorer for closed eyes) and the mean intraindividual correlations between subjective and objective sleepiness were very high. Still, the covariation was curvilinear; physiological indices of sleepiness did not occur reliably until subjective perceptions fell between "sleepy" and "extremely sleepy-fighting sleep"; i.e. physiological changes due to sleepiness are not likely to occur until extreme sleepiness is encountered. The results support the notion that ambulatory EEG/EOG changes may be used to quantify sleepiness.
八名受试者在一个与环境时间线索隔绝的睡眠实验室里彻夜保持清醒并处于活动状态。持续记录动态脑电图（EEG）和眼电图（EOG），每两小时进行一次嗜睡程度评分，同时进行一次简短的脑电图测试，包括睁眼5分钟和闭眼2分钟。对脑电图进行频谱分析，对眼电图进行视觉评分以确定慢滚动眼动（SEM）。在清醒、睁眼活动期间，慢滚动眼动以及α波和θ波功率密度的侵入在高主观嗜睡和低主观嗜睡之间有强烈差异（闭眼时差异较小），主观嗜睡和客观嗜睡之间的个体内平均相关性非常高。然而，这种协变是曲线的；直到主观感觉介于“困倦”和“极度困倦 - 与睡眠抗争”之间，嗜睡的生理指标才可靠地出现；也就是说，直到遇到极度嗜睡，由于嗜睡引起的生理变化才可能发生。这些结果支持了动态脑电图/眼电图变化可用于量化嗜睡程度的观点。
