Torsvall L, Akerstedt T
Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1987 Jun;66(6):502-11. doi: 10.1016/0013-4694(87)90096-4.
Eleven train drivers participated in the study during 1 night and 1 day journey (4.5 h) over the same route. Their EEG, EOG and ECG were recorded on portable tape recorders. The EEG records were subjected to spectral analysis (FFT) and the EOG was scored visually for slow eye movements (SEMs). The results showed that rated sleepiness increased sharply during the night journey. A similar pattern was seen for spectral power density in the alpha band, SEM and, to a lesser extent, also for power in the theta and delta bands. Heart rate was low during the entire night drive. The day journey showed low values without any trend for all variables. The intra-individual correlations were very high between rated sleepiness and, particularly, alpha and theta power density, as well as SEM. Further analyses showed that most of the night time increases in EEG/EOG parameters were confined to the 6 most sleepy subjects. Among these, 4 admitted to dozing off during the night drive and 2 of these 4 subjects failed to act on signals while exhibiting large bursts of alpha activity. It was concluded that EEG and EOG parameters closely reflect variations in sleepiness on the job and that these parameters, together with self-ratings, demonstrate that severe sleepiness may occur in train drivers during night work.
11名火车司机参与了这项研究，他们在同一线路上进行了一次夜间和一次白天的行程（4.5小时）。他们的脑电图（EEG）、眼电图（EOG）和心电图（ECG）被记录在便携式录音机上。对脑电图记录进行了频谱分析（快速傅里叶变换），并对眼电图进行了视觉评分以确定慢眼动（SEM）。结果显示，夜间行程中困倦程度评分急剧上升。α波段的频谱功率密度、慢眼动以及在较小程度上θ和δ波段的功率也呈现出类似的模式。整个夜间驾驶过程中心率较低。白天行程中所有变量的值都很低且无任何趋势。困倦程度评分与特别是α和θ功率密度以及慢眼动之间的个体内相关性非常高。进一步分析表明，脑电图/眼电图参数在夜间的增加大多局限于6名最困倦的受试者。其中，4人承认在夜间驾驶时打瞌睡，这4名受试者中有2人在出现大量α活动时对信号无反应。研究得出结论，脑电图和眼电图参数密切反映工作时困倦程度的变化，并且这些参数与自我评分一起表明，火车司机在夜间工作时可能会出现严重的困倦。
