Gattoni Chiara, Girardi Michele, Javadi Amir-Homayoun, O'Neill Barry Vincent, Marcora Samuele Maria
The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA.
School of Psychology, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2025 Jul 25. doi: 10.1007/s00421-025-05908-w.
Sleep deprivation (SD) seems to impair endurance performance. However, little research is available on the effects of SD in the context of repeated bouts of endurance exercise. The effect of recovery sleep on endurance performance is also poorly understood.
Twenty-six male amateur cyclists/triathletes (mean ± SD: age 30.5 ± 8.8 yr, 55.3 ± 4.9 mL/kg/min) were randomly allocated to SD and CONTROL groups and tested over 3 consecutive days. After baseline testing (day 1), the SD group did not sleep for 25 h (day 2) and slept normally the following night (day 3). The CONTROL group slept normally throughout the experiment. Endurance performance was assessed during 40-min moderate-intensity constant-workload cycling and 20-min time trial. Electroencephalography, questionnaires, and psychomotor vigilance task were used to assess sleepiness and vigilance before cycling. Ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), Feeling scale (FS), heart rate (HR), and blood lactate were assessed during cycling.
Sleepiness and vigilance were impaired after SD (p < 0.05), but returned to baseline after recovery sleep. RPE (p = 0.023) and FS (p = 0.013) assessed during the 40-min cycling were negatively affected by SD, but returned to baseline after recovery sleep. HR and blood lactate were not affected by SD. No significant interaction effect was observed on time-trial work.
In the context of 3 consecutive days of endurance cycling, 25-h SD negatively affected moderate-intensity performance through higher RPE, but did not affect the 20-min time trial. One-night recovery sleep was sufficient to restore moderate-intensity endurance cycling performance.
睡眠剥夺（SD）似乎会损害耐力表现。然而，关于在反复进行耐力运动的情况下睡眠剥夺的影响，现有研究较少。恢复性睡眠对耐力表现的影响也知之甚少。
26名男性业余自行车运动员/铁人三项运动员（平均±标准差：年龄30.5±8.8岁，最大摄氧量55.3±4.9mL/kg/min）被随机分为睡眠剥夺组和对照组，并在连续3天进行测试。在基线测试（第1天）后，睡眠剥夺组在第2天不睡眠25小时，并在接下来的晚上（第3天）正常睡眠。对照组在整个实验过程中正常睡眠。在40分钟的中等强度恒定工作量骑行和20分钟的计时赛中评估耐力表现。在骑行前，使用脑电图、问卷和精神运动警觉任务来评估嗜睡和警觉性。在骑行过程中评估主观用力程度（RPE）、感觉量表（FS）、心率（HR）和血乳酸。
睡眠剥夺后嗜睡和警觉性受损（p<0.05），但恢复性睡眠后恢复到基线水平。在40分钟骑行过程中评估的RPE（p=0.023）和FS（p=0.013）受到睡眠剥夺的负面影响，但恢复性睡眠后恢复到基线水平。心率和血乳酸不受睡眠剥夺的影响。在计时赛工作中未观察到显著的交互作用。
在连续3天进行耐力骑行的情况下，25小时的睡眠剥夺通过较高的RPE对中等强度表现产生负面影响，但不影响20分钟的计时赛。一晚的恢复性睡眠足以恢复中等强度耐力骑行表现。
