Cui Ai-Ming, Huang Yuan
College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
Yi Chuan. 2012 May;34(5):597-608. doi: 10.3724/sp.j.1005.2012.00597.
In order to reconstruct a robust phylogenetic relationship among major groups of Orthoptera and to explore the phylogenetic utility and performance of 16S Ribosomal RNA gene, complete sequences of 16S Ribosomal RNA were sequenced from 18 species in 9 families and 4 superfamilies of Orthoptera, and analyzed with other 40 species that have been completely sequenced. The result showed that the average length of 16S Ribosomal RNA was 1 310 bp. The positions of Tridactuloidea and Gryllotalpidae in Orthoptera were uncertain based on the 16S rRNA data, and the phylogenetic relationships of other major groups in Orthoptera were rather robust. Except for Oedipodidae and Gomphoceridae, Acrididae, Catantopidae, and Arcypteridae in Xia's taxonomic system were not monophyletic groups, and the genetic distances among the five groups were small. This indicates that the five families should be combined into one family. The genetic distances among Pamphagidae, Chrotogonidae, and Pyrgomorphidae were also small. The loops of 16S rRNA gene could provide more information than stems when they were used for phylogenetic analysis. Complete sequence of 16S rRNA gene can be used to reconstruct robust phylogenetic relationship at the taxonomic category of species, genera, and suborder in Orthoptera, but lack of resolution at family and superfamily levels.
为了重建直翅目主要类群之间可靠的系统发育关系，并探索16S核糖体RNA基因的系统发育实用性和性能，对直翅目9科4总科18个物种的16S核糖体RNA全序列进行了测序，并与其他40个已完成测序的物种进行了分析。结果表明，16S核糖体RNA的平均长度为1310bp。基于16S rRNA数据，螽斯总科和蝼蛄科在直翅目中的位置不确定，而直翅目其他主要类群的系统发育关系相当可靠。在夏氏分类系统中，除斑翅蝗科和 gomphoceridae 外，蝗科、斑腿蝗科和网翅蝗科不是单系类群，这五个类群之间的遗传距离较小。这表明这五个科应合并为一个科。癞蝗科、疣蝗科和锥头蝗科之间的遗传距离也较小。16S rRNA基因的环在用于系统发育分析时比茎能提供更多信息。16S rRNA基因全序列可用于重建直翅目物种、属和亚目分类水平上可靠的系统发育关系，但在科和总科水平上缺乏分辨率。
