Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India.
PLoS One. 2012;7(5):e37748. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0037748. Epub 2012 May 25.
Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer death in women. Although tamoxifen therapy is successful for some patients, it does not provide adequate benefit for those who have estrogen receptor (ER)-negative cancers. Therefore, we approached novel treatment strategies by combining two potential bioactive dietary supplements for the reactivation of ERα expression for effective treatment of ERα-negative breast cancer with tamoxifen. Bioactive dietary supplements such as green tea polyphenols (GTPs) and sulforaphane (SFN) inhibit DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs), respectively, which are of central importance to cancer prevention. In the present study, we have observed that treatment of ERα-negative breast cancer cells with GTPs and SFN alone or in combination leads to the reactivation of ERα expression. The combination of 20 µg/mL GTPs and 5 µM SFN was found to be the optimal dose of ERα-reactivation at 3 days in MDA-MB-231 cells. The reactivation of ERα expression was consistently correlated with ERα promoter hypomethylation and hyperacetylation. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analysis of the ERα promoter revealed that GTPs and SFN altered the binding of ERα-transcriptional co-repressor complex thereby contributing to ERα-reactivation. In addition, treatment with tamoxifen in combination with GTPs and SFN significantly increased both cell death and inhibition of cellular proliferation in MDA-MB-231 cells in comparison to treatment with tamoxifen alone. Collectively, our findings suggest that a novel combination of bioactive-HDAC inhibitors with bioactive-demethylating agents is a promising strategy for the effective treatment of hormonal refractory breast cancer with available anti-estrogens.
乳腺癌是最常见的癌症,也是女性癌症死亡的主要原因。虽然他莫昔芬治疗对一些患者有效,但对雌激素受体(ER)阴性癌症患者的益处并不充分。因此,我们通过结合两种具有潜在生物活性的膳食补充剂来寻求新的治疗策略,以重新激活 ERα 表达,从而用他莫昔芬有效治疗 ERα 阴性乳腺癌。生物活性膳食补充剂,如绿茶多酚(GTPs)和萝卜硫素(SFN),分别抑制 DNA 甲基转移酶(DNMTs)和组蛋白去乙酰化酶(HDACs),这对癌症预防至关重要。在本研究中,我们观察到单独或联合使用 GTPs 和 SFN 治疗 ERα 阴性乳腺癌细胞可导致 ERα 表达重新激活。在 MDA-MB-231 细胞中,在第 3 天,发现 20µg/mL GTPs 和 5µM SFN 的联合使用是 ERα 重新激活的最佳剂量。ERα 表达的重新激活与 ERα 启动子低甲基化和高乙酰化一致相关。对 ERα 启动子的染色质免疫沉淀(ChIP)分析表明,GTPs 和 SFN 改变了 ERα-转录共阻遏复合物的结合,从而有助于 ERα 重新激活。此外,与单独使用他莫昔芬相比,用他莫昔芬联合 GTPs 和 SFN 治疗可显著增加 MDA-MB-231 细胞的细胞死亡和抑制细胞增殖。总之,我们的研究结果表明,生物活性-HDAC 抑制剂与生物活性去甲基化剂的新组合是一种有前途的策略,可有效治疗具有可用抗雌激素的激素难治性乳腺癌。