Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, 16802, USA.
Brain Imaging Behav. 2012 Jun;6(2):224-43. doi: 10.1007/s11682-012-9167-2.
Concussion, the most common form of traumatic brain injury, proves to be increasingly complex and not mild in nature as its synonymous term mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) would imply. Despite the increasing occurrence and prevalence of mTBI there is no universally accepted definition and conventional brain imaging techniques lack the sensitivity to detect subtle changes it causes. Moreover, clinical management of sports induced mild traumatic brain injury has not changed much over the past decade. Advances in neuroimaging that include electroencephalography (EEG), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), resting-state functional connectivity, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) offer promise in aiding research into understanding the complexities and nuances of mTBI which may ultimately influence clinical management of the condition. In this paper the authors review the major findings from these advanced neuroimaging methods along with current controversy within this field of research. As mTBI is frequently associated with youth and sports injury this review focuses on sports-related mTBI in the younger population.
脑震荡是最常见的外伤性脑损伤，其性质并非像同义词“轻度外伤性脑损伤（mTBI）”所暗示的那样轻微和简单。尽管 mTBI 的发生率和流行率不断增加，但目前还没有普遍接受的定义，常规的脑成像技术也缺乏检测其引起的细微变化的敏感性。此外，过去十年间，运动引起的轻度外伤性脑损伤的临床管理并没有太大变化。神经影像学的进步，包括脑电图（EEG）、功能磁共振成像（fMRI）、静息态功能连接、弥散张量成像（DTI）和磁共振波谱（MRS），有望帮助研究人员了解 mTBI 的复杂性和细微差别，这可能最终会影响该病的临床管理。本文作者回顾了这些先进的神经影像学方法的主要发现，并探讨了该研究领域的当前争议。由于 mTBI 常与年轻人和运动损伤有关，因此本文重点关注年轻人的运动相关 mTBI。
