Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
J Oral Pathol Med. 2013 Mar;42(3):201-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2012.01180.x. Epub 2012 Jun 5.
Kaposi sarcoma (KS), an AIDS defining condition, remains one of the most commonly HIV-associated neoplasms. While the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has brought about a dramatic decrease in the prevalence and incidence of AIDS-KS worldwide, this has not been the case in resource-poor sub-Saharan African countries, where HIV has reached epidemic proportions and human herpesvirus-8 infection is endemic. Oral involvement is a common manifestation of AIDS-associated KS and may be an early presenting finding of HIV infection. The clinical manifestation of oral KS can vary and may have an unpredictable course ranging from mild to fulminant. Rapidly progressive facial lymphoedema associated with extensive advanced oral KS portends a poor prognosis. Oral KS may regress with antiretroviral therapy or may flare up as part of the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. The oral lesions of AIDS-KS are best managed with HAART together with systemic chemotherapy. This article provides a review of contemporary knowledge of the biology, pathology, clinical features and management of oral AIDS-KS.
卡波西肉瘤（KS）是一种艾滋病定义性疾病，仍然是最常见的与 HIV 相关的肿瘤之一。虽然高效抗逆转录病毒疗法（HAART）的使用在全球范围内显著降低了 AIDS-KS 的患病率和发病率，但在资源匮乏的撒哈拉以南非洲国家，情况并非如此，在这些国家，HIV 已达到流行程度，人类疱疹病毒 8 型感染是地方性的。口腔受累是 AIDS-KS 的常见表现，可能是 HIV 感染的早期表现。口腔 KS 的临床表现多种多样，可能具有从轻度到暴发性的不可预测病程。与广泛晚期口腔 KS 相关的快速进行性面部淋巴水肿预示着预后不良。口腔 KS 可能随着抗逆转录病毒治疗而消退，也可能作为免疫重建炎症综合征的一部分出现爆发。AIDS-KS 的口腔病变最好通过 HAART 联合全身化疗来治疗。本文综述了口腔 AIDS-KS 的生物学、病理学、临床特征和管理的最新知识。
