Estrada Alejandro, Cardona Doris, Segura Angela María, Chavarriaga Lina Marcela, Ordóñez Jaime, Osorio Jorge Julián
Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
Biomedica. 2011 Oct-Dec;31(4):492-502. doi: 10.1590/S0120-41572011000400004.
Many factors contribute to the deteriorating quality of life of elderly people living in care institutions. Some of these problems are a consequence of few contacts with relatives and friends, and being alone with a feeling of isolation.
The conditions of quality of life are explored for elderly people living in care institutions.
In a cross sectional study, 276 subjects were selected from 39 long term institutions located in the city of Medellín, Colombia. The sex ratio was female: male 60:40% with a mean age of 79.2 ± 8.0. Elderly subjects with cognitive problems or not living in the institution were excluded. The World Health Organization Quality of Life of Older Adults (WHOQOL-OLD) questionnaire was applied; in additional, capacity and cognitive functional scales of Pfeffer, the anxiety scale of Goldberg, and the Geriatric Depression Scale of Yesavage were administered. Mininutritional assessment scales and complementary questionnaires about demographics, health perception, social support system were also included. The information was analyzed using the Mann Whitney U test, Kruskal Wallis test, Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression method.
Most (71%) considered themselves autonomous for undertaking daily, habitual activities. Other statistics included the following: 45.7% with depression, 33.0% with anxiety, 28.3% with functional problems, and 54.3% at risk of malnutrition. A negative quality-of-life assessment was associated with the following factors: female, diabetes, depression, anxiety and high functional capacity. A positive quality-of-life assessment was associated with individuals who voluntarily came to the institution.
Quality of life for elderly people living in care institutions can become deteriorated when they are not capable to do the usual activities necessary for daily living. Exacerbating factors included sex, symptoms of depression, anxiety, or perceived mistreatment by their families.
许多因素导致生活在护理机构中的老年人生活质量下降。其中一些问题是与亲戚朋友联系较少以及孤独感和孤立感的结果。
探讨生活在护理机构中的老年人的生活质量状况。
在一项横断面研究中，从哥伦比亚麦德林市的39家长期机构中选取了276名受试者。性别比例为女性：男性60:40%，平均年龄为79.2±8.0岁。排除有认知问题或不住在该机构的老年受试者。应用了世界卫生组织老年人生活质量（WHOQOL-OLD）问卷；此外，还使用了 Pfeffer 的能力和认知功能量表、Goldberg 的焦虑量表以及 Yesavage 的老年抑郁量表。还包括微型营养评估量表以及关于人口统计学、健康认知、社会支持系统的补充问卷。使用 Mann Whitney U 检验、Kruskal Wallis 检验、Pearson 相关性和多元线性回归方法对信息进行分析。
大多数（71%）认为自己能够自主进行日常习惯性活动。其他统计数据如下：45.7%患有抑郁症，33.0%患有焦虑症，28.3%存在功能问题，54.3%存在营养不良风险。生活质量评估为负面与以下因素相关：女性、糖尿病、抑郁症、焦虑症和高功能能力。生活质量评估为正面与自愿入住该机构的个体相关。
当生活在护理机构中的老年人无法进行日常生活所需的常规活动时，他们的生活质量可能会下降。加剧因素包括性别、抑郁症状、焦虑症或感觉受到家人的虐待。
