Tessin I, Trollfors B, Thiringer K
Department of Paediatrics, Mölndal Hospital, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
Acta Paediatr Scand. 1990 Nov;79(11):1023-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1990.tb11378.x.
In a retrospective study of neonatal septicaemia and meningitis in a defined region of western Sweden 1975-1986, 231 cases were identified. The incidence was 2.8/1000 live births. The case-fatality rate was 15%. thirty-three patients had meningitis. Only 55 patients (24%) had no known risk factors. Preterm delivery was a most important risk factor for both morbidity and mortality. The most common causative organisms were group B streptococci, Staphylococcus aureus and aerobic Gram-negative rods, together isolated from 82% of the patients. The cases were approximately equally divided between very early, early and late onset infections. Group B streptococci were over-represented in very early onset infections in all birthweight groups and aerobic Gram-negative rods were the most common isolates from low birthweight infants with late onset infections. However, group B streptococci, Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative rods were found in all birthweight and gestational age groups. Thus, initial antimicrobial therapy must be equally broad in all neonates with suspected septicaemia.
在一项针对1975 - 1986年瑞典西部特定地区新生儿败血症和脑膜炎的回顾性研究中，共确定了231例病例。发病率为2.8/1000活产儿。病死率为15%。33例患者患有脑膜炎。只有55例患者（24%）没有已知的危险因素。早产是发病和死亡的最重要危险因素。最常见的致病微生物是B组链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和好氧革兰氏阴性杆菌，从82%的患者中分离出这些病菌。病例在极早期、早期和晚期感染之间大致平均分布。B组链球菌在所有出生体重组的极早期感染中占比过高，而好氧革兰氏阴性杆菌是低出生体重儿晚期感染中最常见的分离菌。然而，在所有出生体重和孕周组中都发现了B组链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和革兰氏阴性杆菌。因此，对于所有疑似败血症的新生儿，初始抗菌治疗必须同样广泛。
