Department of Phytopathology, Virology Unit, ARO, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel.
Adv Virus Res. 2012;84:533-53. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-394314-9.00015-4.
Viral pathogens form an important group of obligatory parasites of plants. About 977 plant viruses have been described and classified in 14 families and 70 genera. This group of pathogens has complex interactions with their host plants and vectors due to their integration in the molecular mechanisms of living cells, interfering with our ability to manage the malfunctions of virus infected plants by curing means. These constraints led to the perception that the best protection from virus diseases is by prevention. Many cultural procedures used for virus control are aimed at eradicating or altering one or more of the primary participants in the transmission process (vector, virus source plants, and the crop) or preventing their coming together. Part of these control measures were devised to reduce to a minimum, the number of inoculative vector individuals that are active in the crop or interfere with the transmission process at any of its phases, thereby arresting virus spread. Advances in plant virology and a better understanding of plant vector interactions provide strategies based on the formation of mechanical and optical barriers that interfere with the ability of the viral pathogen or its vector to reach the plant and initiate an epidemic.
病毒病原体是植物专性寄生生物的重要群体。已经描述和分类了约 977 种植物病毒，它们分为 14 个科和 70 个属。由于病毒整合到活细胞的分子机制中，与宿主植物和介体发生复杂的相互作用，干扰了我们通过治愈手段来管理感染病毒植物的功能障碍的能力。这些限制导致人们认为预防是防治病毒病的最佳方法。许多用于病毒控制的文化程序旨在根除或改变传播过程中的一个或多个主要参与者（介体、病毒源植物和作物），或防止它们聚集在一起。这些控制措施的一部分旨在将在作物中活跃的接种介体个体的数量减少到最低限度，或者在病毒传播的任何阶段干扰其传播过程，从而阻止病毒的传播。植物病毒学的进步和对植物介体相互作用的更好理解提供了基于形成机械和光学障碍的策略，这些障碍干扰了病毒病原体或其介体到达植物并引发流行的能力。
