Translational Addiction Research Laboratory, Addictions Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Can J Psychiatry. 2012 Jun;57(6):342-9. doi: 10.1177/070674371205700603.
Alcohol use disorders (AUDs) are among the most prevalent psychiatric disorders. Epidemiologic studies have shown a high prevalence of concurrent psychiatric disorders among people with AUDs as well as a higher prevalence of AUDs in people with psychiatric disorders than in the general population. Though psychiatric patients with concurrent AUDs are at increased risk for morbidity and mortality, they are commonly undertreated for their alcohol-related disorders. The efficacy of pharmacotherapy for AUDs is well documented. Our paper reviews the common pharmacotherapies available for AUDs and focuses on the available research regarding treatment of AUDs among psychiatric populations with mood, anxiety, and psychotic disorders. Despite the high prevalence of concurrent AUDs and psychiatric disorders, very limited information has been collected using a randomized controlled trial design targeting those concurrent conditions. Several prevalent psychiatric disorders have not been studied when co-occurring with AUDs. Further research of pharmacological treatments for concurrent AUDs and psychiatric diagnoses is urgently needed.
酒精使用障碍(AUD)是最常见的精神障碍之一。流行病学研究表明,患有 AUD 的人群中同时存在精神障碍的比例较高,而患有精神障碍的人群中 AUD 的患病率高于普通人群。尽管同时患有精神障碍和 AUD 的患者发病和死亡率增加,但他们的酒精相关障碍的治疗通常不足。药物治疗 AUD 的疗效已有充分的记录。本文回顾了 AUD 的常见药物治疗方法,并重点介绍了针对心境、焦虑和精神病性障碍的精神科人群 AUD 治疗的现有研究。尽管 AUD 和精神障碍同时存在的情况很常见,但使用随机对照试验设计针对这些并发情况收集的信息非常有限。当 AUD 与几种常见的精神障碍同时存在时,这些精神障碍并没有被研究。急需对同时患有 AUD 和精神科诊断的患者进行药物治疗的进一步研究。