Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
Eur J Public Health. 2013 Aug;23(4):710-6. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/cks064. Epub 2012 Jun 8.
Research has suggested that gender is related to perceptions of work-family conflict (WFC) and an underlying assumption is that interference of paid work with family life will burden women more than men. There is, however, mixed evidence as to whether men and women report different levels of WFC. Even less studies investigate gender differences in health outcomes of WFC. Also the number of longitudinal studies in this field is low.
Based on the Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health, we prospectively examined the effects of WFC on three different health measures representing a wide spectrum off ill health (i.e. self-rated health, emotional exhaustion and problem drinking). Logistic regression analyses were used to analyse multivariate associations between WFC in 2008 and health 2 years later.
The results show that WFC was associated with an increased risk of emotional exhaustion among both men and women. Gender differences are suggested as WFC was related to an increased risk for poor self-rated health among women and problem drinking among men. Interaction analyses revealed that the risk of poor self-rated health was substantially more influenced by WFC among women than among men.
We conclude that, despite the fact that women experience conflict between work and family life slightly more often than men, both men's and women's health is negatively affected by this phenomenon.
研究表明，性别与工作家庭冲突（WFC）的认知有关，一个潜在的假设是，有偿工作对家庭生活的干扰会给女性带来比男性更大的负担。然而，关于男性和女性报告的 WFC 水平是否不同，证据不一。关于 WFC 对健康结果的性别差异的研究则更少。此外，该领域的纵向研究数量也较少。
基于瑞典职业健康纵向调查，我们前瞻性地研究了 WFC 对三种不同健康指标的影响，这些指标代表了广泛的健康不良（即自我评估健康、情绪疲惫和饮酒问题）。使用逻辑回归分析来分析 2008 年 WFC 与 2 年后健康状况之间的多变量关联。
结果表明，WFC 与男性和女性的情绪疲惫风险增加有关。性别差异表明，WFC 与女性自评健康状况不佳和男性饮酒问题的风险增加有关。交互分析显示，WFC 对女性自评健康状况不佳的风险影响明显大于男性。
我们的结论是，尽管女性经历工作与家庭生活之间的冲突略多于男性，但男性和女性的健康都会受到这种现象的负面影响。
