Developmental Neurobiology Unit, Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03550 Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain.
Dev Neurobiol. 2012 Jul;72(7):955-71. doi: 10.1002/dneu.22013.
Expansion and folding of the cerebral cortex are landmark features of mammalian brain evolution, which are recapitulated during embryonic development. Neural stem cells and their derived germinal cells are coordinated during cerebral cortex development to produce the appropriate amounts and types of neurons. This process is further complicated in gyrencephalic species, where newborn neurons must disperse in the tangential axis to expand the cerebral cortex in surface area. Here, we review advances that have been made over the last decade in understanding the nature and diversity of telencephalic neural stem cells and their roles in cortical development, and we discuss recent progress on how newly identified types of cortical progenitor cell populations may have evolved to drive the expansion and folding of the mammalian cerebral cortex.
大脑皮层的扩张和折叠是哺乳动物大脑进化的标志性特征，这一过程在胚胎发育过程中得到了再现。神经干细胞及其衍生的生殖细胞在大脑皮层发育过程中协调一致，以产生适当数量和类型的神经元。在脑回形成物种中，这个过程更加复杂，因为新生神经元必须在切线轴上分散，以扩大大脑皮层的表面积。在这里，我们回顾了过去十年在理解端脑神经干细胞的性质和多样性及其在皮层发育中的作用方面所取得的进展，并讨论了最近在新鉴定的皮质祖细胞群体如何进化以推动哺乳动物大脑皮层扩张和折叠方面的进展。
