Department of Psychology, Interdisciplinary Center, Herzliya, Israel.
Cultur Divers Ethnic Minor Psychol. 2012 Jul;18(3):228-38. doi: 10.1037/a0027659. Epub 2012 Jun 11.
This study examines the role of acculturation, perceived discrimination, and self-esteem in predicting the mental health symptoms and risk behaviors among 1.5 and second generation non-Jewish adolescents born to migrant families compared with native-born Jewish Israeli adolescents in Israel. Participants included n = 65 1.5 migrant adolescents, n = 60 second generation migrant adolescents, and n = 146 age, gender, and socioeconomic matched sample of native-born Jewish Israelis. Participants completed measures of acculturation pattern, perceived discrimination, and self-esteem as well as measures of mental health symptoms and risk behaviors. Results show that migrant adolescents across generations reported worse mental health symptoms compared with native-born Jewish Israelis. However, only the 1.5 generation migrants reported higher engagement in risk behaviors compared with second generation migrants and native-born Jewish Israelis. Our findings further showed that acculturation plays an important role in predicting the mental health status of migrant youth, with those characterized with integrated acculturative pattern reporting lower mental health symptoms compared with assimilated acculturation pattern. Importantly, contextual factors, such as higher perception of discrimination in the receiving culture as well as individual factors such as lower self-esteem and female gender were strongly associated with worse mental health symptoms. The findings manifest the complex relationship between contextual factors and individual level variables in the acculturative process of migrants as well as the importance of examining the effect of migration generation on mental health outcomes.
本研究考察了文化适应、感知歧视和自尊在预测移民家庭出身的 1.5 代和第二代非犹太青少年与以色列本土出生的犹太裔以色列青少年的心理健康症状和风险行为方面的作用。参与者包括 n = 65 名 1.5 代移民青少年、n = 60 名第二代移民青少年和 n = 146 名年龄、性别和社会经济背景与本土出生的犹太裔以色列青少年相匹配的样本。参与者完成了文化适应模式、感知歧视和自尊以及心理健康症状和风险行为的测量。研究结果表明，跨代的移民青少年比本土出生的犹太裔以色列青少年报告了更严重的心理健康症状。然而，只有 1.5 代移民青少年比第二代移民青少年和本土出生的犹太裔以色列青少年报告了更高的风险行为参与度。我们的研究结果进一步表明，文化适应在预测移民青年的心理健康状况方面起着重要作用，具有整合性文化适应模式的青少年比同化性文化适应模式的青少年报告的心理健康症状更少。重要的是，在接受文化中感知到更高的歧视等情境因素以及自尊较低和女性等个体因素与更严重的心理健康症状密切相关。这些发现体现了移民文化适应过程中情境因素和个体水平变量之间的复杂关系，以及检查移民代际对心理健康结果影响的重要性。
