Jones Edmunds & Associates, Inc, 730 NE Waldo Road, Gainesville, FL 32641, United States.
Water Res. 2012 Sep 1;46(13):4208-16. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2012.05.031. Epub 2012 May 23.
Bromine substitution factor (BSF) was used to quantify the effects of disinfectant dose, reaction time, pH, and temperature on the bromine substitution of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) during chlorination and chloramination. The BSF is defined as the ratio of the bromine incorporated into a given class of DBPs to the total concentration of chlorine and bromine in that class. Four classes of DBPs were evaluated: trihalomethanes (THMs), dihaloacetonitriles (DHANs), dihaloacetic acids (DHAAs) and trihaloacetic acids (THAAs). The results showed that the BSFs of the four classes of DBPs generally decreased with increasing reaction time and temperature during chlorination at neutral pH. The BSFs peaked at a low chlorine dose (1 mg/L) and decreased when the chlorine dose further increased. The BSFs of chlorination DBPs at neutral pH are in the order of DHAN > THM & DHAA > THAA. DHAAs formed by chloramines exhibited distinctly different bromine substitution patterns compared to chlorination DHAAs. Brominated DBP formation was generally less affected by the pH change compared to chlorinated DBP formation.
溴代替代因子（BSF）被用于量化消毒剂剂量、反应时间、pH 值和温度对氯化和氯胺消毒副产物（DBPs）溴代取代的影响。BSF 被定义为给定类别的 DBPs 中结合的溴与该类别中氯和溴的总浓度之比。评估了四类 DBPs：三卤甲烷（THMs）、二卤乙腈（DHANs）、二卤乙酸（DHAAs）和三卤乙酸（THAAs）。结果表明，在中性 pH 值下氯化反应过程中，随着反应时间和温度的增加，四类 DBPs 的 BSF 通常会降低。BSF 在低氯剂量（1mg/L）时达到峰值，当氯剂量进一步增加时会降低。中性 pH 值下氯化 DBPs 的 BSF 顺序为 DHAN > THM & DHAA > THAA。与氯化 DHAAs 相比，氯胺形成的 DHAAs 表现出明显不同的溴代取代模式。与氯化 DBP 形成相比，溴代 DBP 的形成通常受 pH 值变化的影响较小。
