Department for Research and Statistics O+S, Municipality of Amsterdam, PO Box 2200, 1000 CE Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Email:
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2012 Apr;9(4):1030-50. doi: 10.3390/ijerph9041030. Epub 2012 Mar 23.
This paper describes the Quiet Places Project in Amsterdam. The purpose of the study was to find out: (1) which public quiet places there are according to Amsterdam residents; (2) what characterizes a quiet place; (3) to what extent do residents want peace and quiet; (4) how do residents realize these needs. The factors determining the need for quietness are presented in a model showing the influence of demographic and socio-economic issues, health status, sensitiveness to noise, daily activities and the noisiness in and around home. Most important of these factors is sensitivity to noise. Elderly and less healthy people are more often sensitive to noise. People who are annoyed by sound from traffic, airplanes and the like show a higher need for quietness. People with a lively household or neighbourhood report lower needs for quietness. Visiting a quiet place and going outside to walk or bike can have a compensating effect on the need for quietness. This suggests that creating quiet places and enhancing possibilities for quiet recreation in urban environments can have a positive effect on the quality of life in the city. Objective noise levels at the quiet places were taken from environmental noise maps. This shows that there may be a preference for low transportation noise levels, but levels up to 60 dB L(day) are acceptable. Apparently this depends on a relative quietness or on non-acoustic characteristics of an area: the presence of vegetation and other pleasant stimuli.
本文介绍了阿姆斯特丹的 Quiet Places 项目。该研究的目的是找出：（1）根据阿姆斯特丹居民的说法，有哪些公共安静场所；（2）安静场所的特点是什么；（3）居民对宁静的需求程度；（4）居民如何实现这些需求。决定安静需求的因素在一个模型中呈现出来，该模型显示了人口统计和社会经济问题、健康状况、对噪音的敏感程度、日常活动以及家庭内部和周围的噪音等因素的影响。这些因素中最重要的是对噪音的敏感程度。老年人和身体状况较差的人更容易对噪音敏感。对交通、飞机等噪音感到烦恼的人对安静的需求更高。家庭或邻里生活热闹的人对安静的需求较低。参观安静的地方和外出散步或骑自行车可以对安静的需求产生补偿作用。这表明在城市环境中创建安静场所和增强安静娱乐的可能性可以对城市的生活质量产生积极影响。从环境噪声图中获取了安静场所的客观噪声水平。这表明人们可能更喜欢低交通噪声水平，但 60dB L（白天）的噪声水平也是可以接受的。显然，这取决于相对安静程度或一个区域的非声学特征：植被和其他令人愉悦的刺激物的存在。
