Zalilah M S, Mirnalini K, Safiah M Y, Tahir A, Siti Haslinda M D, Siti Rohana D, Khairul Zarina M Y, Hasyami S Mohd, Normah H, Fatimah A Siti
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Malays J Nutr. 2008 Mar;14(1):41-55. Epub 2008 Mar 15.
Meal and snack patterns are associated with energy and nutrient intakes and consequently health and nutritional status. The aim of this paper is to describe the percentage of daily energy intake from meals and afternoon snack among Malaysian adults. The study included a representative sample of adults aged 18-59 years (n=7349) from a nationwide Food Consumption Survey conducted by the Ministry of Health. Information on dietary intake was obtained using a one day 24-hour diet recall (24-HDR). Dietary data on 6886 adults were analysed using Nutritionist ProTM and statistical analysis was carried out using the SPSS 13.0. The median percentage of daily energy intake is reported only for adults consuming meals and afternoon tea and by socio-demographic characteristics as well as body mass index (BMI) status. More than 80% of Malaysian adults consumed morning meals, lunch and dinner and 54% reported having afternoon tea. The median percentage of energy intake from morning meals, lunch, dinner and afternoon tea was 29.9%, 30.5%, 32.4% and 17%, respectively. There were variations in the median percentage of energy from meals and snacks according to the socio-demographic variables and BMI status. It is important to understand the eating patterns of Malaysians as the information can assist in efforts to address obesity and diet-related chronic diseases among adults.
饮食和零食模式与能量及营养摄入相关，进而与健康和营养状况相关。本文旨在描述马来西亚成年人每日从正餐和下午零食中摄入能量的百分比。该研究纳入了卫生部进行的全国性食物消费调查中18 - 59岁成年人的代表性样本（n = 7349）。通过一日24小时饮食回顾法（24 - HDR）获取饮食摄入信息。使用Nutritionist ProTM对6886名成年人的饮食数据进行分析，并使用SPSS 13.0进行统计分析。仅针对食用正餐和下午茶的成年人，按社会人口学特征以及体重指数（BMI）状况报告每日能量摄入的中位数百分比。超过80%的马来西亚成年人食用早餐、午餐和晚餐，54%的人报告有下午茶。早餐、午餐、晚餐和下午茶能量摄入的中位数百分比分别为29.9%、30.5%、32.4%和17%。根据社会人口学变量和BMI状况，正餐和零食能量摄入的中位数百分比存在差异。了解马来西亚人的饮食模式很重要，因为这些信息有助于努力解决成年人中的肥胖问题和与饮食相关的慢性病问题。
