Wan Abdul Manan W M, Nur Firdaus I, Safiah M Y, Siti Haslinda M D, Poh B K, Norimah A K, Azmi M Y, Tahir A, Mirnalini K, Zalilah M S, Fatimah S, Siti Norazlin M M, Fasiah W
Program in Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian Kelantan, Malaysia.
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA.
Malays J Nutr. 2012 Aug;18(2):221-30.
Meal patterns have received little attention in nutrition studies. The aim of this study is to present the findings on general meal patterns of Malaysian adults.
The Malaysian Adults Nutrition Survey (MANS), carried out in 2002 and 2003, involved 6,928 adults selected by stratified random sampling from all households by zone in Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah and Sarawak.
In general, the results showed that most respondents (74.16%) ate three meals per day; 89.20% of the respondents consumed breakfast, while 88.57% consumed lunch and 91.97% consumed dinner with no significant difference in terms of sex. In Peninsular Malaysia, the Northern Zone had the highest number of people consuming breakfast compared to other zones. Meanwhile, the population in Sarawak had the largest proportion of people consuming lunch and dinner, but the smallest proportion of people consuming breakfast. A significantly higher number of the rural population consumed breakfast and lunch than urbanites; however there was no significant difference in dinner consumption. Generally, breakfast consumption increased with age whereby significant difference existed between the 18 to 19 years age group and the age group of 30 years and older. Lunch intake among the age groups showed no significant difference. In contrast, dinner consumption was significantly lower among the 18 to 19 years age group compared to all other age groups. Comparison among the ethnic groups showed that the Indian population had the lowest percentage of having breakfast and lunch while the Orang Asli had the lowest percentage of consuming dinner. However, the Orang Asli recorded the highest percentage for taking breakfast and lunch while the Chinese had the highest percentage of taking dinner.
Considering that Malaysian adults consumed their conventional breakfast, lunch and dinner, these findings indicatethat Malaysians are maintaining their traditional meal patterns.
饮食模式在营养研究中很少受到关注。本研究的目的是呈现马来西亚成年人总体饮食模式的研究结果。
2002年和2003年开展的马来西亚成年人营养调查（MANS），通过分层随机抽样从马来西亚半岛、沙巴和砂拉越按区域划分的所有家庭中选取了6928名成年人。
总体而言，结果显示大多数受访者（74.16%）每天吃三餐；89.20%的受访者吃早餐，88.57%的受访者吃午餐，91.97%的受访者吃晚餐，性别方面无显著差异。在马来西亚半岛，与其他区域相比，北部地区吃早餐的人数最多。同时，砂拉越吃午餐和晚餐的人口比例最大，但吃早餐的人口比例最小。农村人口吃早餐和午餐的人数明显多于城市居民；然而，晚餐消费方面没有显著差异。一般来说，早餐消费随年龄增长而增加，18至19岁年龄组与30岁及以上年龄组之间存在显著差异。各年龄组的午餐摄入量没有显著差异。相比之下，18至19岁年龄组的晚餐消费量明显低于所有其他年龄组。不同种族之间的比较表明，印度人口吃早餐和午餐的比例最低，而原住民吃晚餐的比例最低。然而，原住民吃早餐和午餐的比例最高，而华人吃晚餐的比例最高。
鉴于马来西亚成年人食用传统的早餐、午餐和晚餐，这些研究结果表明马来西亚人保持着他们的传统饮食模式。
