Psychology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Washington Singer Laboratories, Streatham Campus, Exeter, EX4 4QG, United Kingdom.
Psychol Sci. 2012 Jul 1;23(7):805-15. doi: 10.1177/0956797611434538. Epub 2012 Jun 12.
Less supervision by the executive system after disruption of the right prefrontal cortex leads to increased risk taking in gambling because superficially attractive-but risky-choices are not suppressed. Similarly, people might gamble more in multitask situations than in single-task situations because concurrent executive processes usually interfere with each other. In the study reported here, we used a novel monetary decision-making paradigm to investigate whether multitasking could reduce rather than increase risk taking in gambling. We found that performing a task that induced cautious motor responding reduced gambling in a multitask situation (Experiment 1). We then found that a short period of inhibitory training lessened risk taking in gambling at least 2 hr later (Experiments 2 and 3). Our findings indicate that proactive motor control strongly affects monetary risk taking in gambling. The link between control systems at different cognitive levels might be exploited to develop new methods for rehabilitation of addiction and impulse-control disorders.
右前额叶皮层受到干扰后，执行系统的监督减少，导致赌博风险增加，因为表面上有吸引力但风险高的选择不会被抑制。同样，人们在多任务情况下可能会比在单任务情况下赌得更多，因为并发的执行过程通常会相互干扰。在本研究中，我们使用了一种新的货币决策范式来研究多任务处理是否会减少而不是增加赌博风险。我们发现，执行一项诱发谨慎运动反应的任务可以减少多任务情况下的赌博（实验 1）。然后我们发现，短时间的抑制训练至少在 2 小时后可以减轻赌博中的风险（实验 2 和 3）。我们的研究结果表明，主动运动控制强烈影响赌博中的金钱风险。不同认知水平的控制系统之间的联系可能被利用来开发新的方法来治疗成瘾和冲动控制障碍。
