Sook Meeson
Major of Foods and Nutrition, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyunggi-do, Korea.
Malays J Nutr. 2003 Mar;9(1):7-17. Epub 2003 Mar 15.
This review article aims to provide an overview of food consumption trends in relation to the nutritional status of Koreans. Food consumption patterns and nutritional status of Koreans have changed substantially due to economic improvements and the adoption of a western lifestyle. The traditional habit of consuming vegetable foods like cereals, soybeans and potatoes has seen a decline, while consumption of meat, poultry, egg and fruits has increased. Although the proportion of animal foods has increased from 3.0% in 1969 to 19.2% in 1998, the Korean diet is still not sufficient in milk and eggs. The total energy intake has gradually decreased with reduced consumption of cereals, and concomitantly carbohydrates intake has decreased. Fat intake has increased with elevated consumption of animal foods and added fats and oils, but the level of fat intake remains low with a high consumption of vegetables and increased fruit consumption. This food consumption pattern might have contributed to the ideal proportion of energy from carbohydrates, protein and fat at 66%, 15% and 19% respectively in 1998, which is almost close to the composition of 65%, 15%, and 20% that most nutritionists would term as an ideal ratio. It would appear that the Korean food consumption trend is ideal except for the consumption of salty foods which is high.
这篇综述文章旨在概述与韩国人营养状况相关的食物消费趋势。由于经济改善和西方生活方式的采用，韩国人的食物消费模式和营养状况发生了显著变化。食用谷物、大豆和土豆等植物性食物的传统习惯有所下降，而肉类、家禽、蛋类和水果的消费量有所增加。尽管动物性食物的比例已从1969年的3.0%增至1998年的19.2%，但韩国人的饮食中牛奶和蛋类仍然不足。随着谷物消费量的减少，总能量摄入量逐渐下降，碳水化合物摄入量也随之减少。随着动物性食物以及添加脂肪和油类消费量的增加，脂肪摄入量有所增加，但由于蔬菜消费量高和水果消费量增加，脂肪摄入水平仍然较低。这种食物消费模式可能促成了1998年碳水化合物、蛋白质和脂肪的能量比例分别达到66%、15%和19%的理想比例，这几乎接近大多数营养学家认为的65%、15%和20%的理想比例组成。除了高盐食物的消费外，韩国的食物消费趋势似乎是理想的。
