Bioanalytics, University of Applied Science, Friedrich-Streib-Str. 2, 96450 Coburg, Germany.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2012 Aug;95(3):551-63. doi: 10.1007/s00253-012-4164-3. Epub 2012 Jun 14.
The demand of renewable energy sources, i.e. biomass, is steadily increasing worldwide to reduce the need of fossil energy sources. Biomass such as energy crops, woody species, forestry and agricultural residues are the most common renewable energy sources. Due to uneven demand for wood fuel, the material is mostly stored outdoors in chip piles or as logs until utilisation. Storage of biomass is accompanied by chemical, physical and biological processes which can significantly reduce the fuel quality. However, heating plants require high-quality biomass to ensure efficient operation, thereby minimising maintenance costs. Therefore, optimised storage conditions and duration times for chipped wood and tree logs have to be found. This paper aims at reviewing available knowledge on the pathways of microbial effects on stored woody biomass and on investigations of the fungal and bacterial community structure and identity. Moreover, potential functions of microorganisms present in wood chip piles and logs are discussed in terms of (1) reduction of fuel quality, (2) catalysing self-ignition processes, and (3) constituting health risk and unfriendly work environment.
可再生能源（如生物质）的需求在全球范围内稳步增长，以减少对化石能源的依赖。生物质（如能源作物、木本植物、林业和农业残留物）是最常见的可再生能源。由于对木柴燃料的需求不均衡，这种材料大部分储存在户外的木屑堆或原木中，直到使用。生物质的储存伴随着化学、物理和生物过程，这些过程会显著降低燃料质量。然而，供热厂需要高质量的生物质来确保高效运行，从而最小化维护成本。因此，必须找到木屑和原木的优化储存条件和时间。本文旨在回顾有关微生物对储存的木质生物质影响途径的现有知识，以及对真菌和细菌群落结构和特征的研究。此外，还讨论了木屑堆和原木中存在的微生物的潜在功能，包括（1）降低燃料质量，（2）催化自燃过程，以及（3）构成健康风险和不友好的工作环境。
