Embacher Julia, Neuhauser Sigrid, Zeilinger Susanne, Kirchmair Martin
Department of Microbiology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
J Fungi (Basel). 2021 Apr 30;7(5):354. doi: 10.3390/jof7050354.
The dry rot fungus causes significant structural damage by decaying construction timber, resulting in costly restoration procedures. Dry rot fungi decompose cellulose and hemicellulose and are often accompanied by a succession of bacteria and other fungi. Bacterial-fungal interactions (BFI) have a considerable impact on all the partners, ranging from antagonistic to beneficial relationships. Using a cultivation-based approach, we show that has many co-existing, mainly Gram-positive, bacteria and demonstrate differences in the communities associated with distinct fungal parts. Bacteria isolated from the fruiting bodies and mycelia were dominated by Firmicutes, while bacteria isolated from rhizomorphs were dominated by Proteobacteria. Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes were less abundant. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis revealed that bacteria were not present biofilm-like, but occurred as independent cells scattered across and within tissues, sometimes also attached to fungal spores. In co-culture, some bacterial isolates caused growth inhibition of and vice versa, and some induced fungal pigment production. It was found that 25% of the isolates could degrade pectin, 43% xylan, 17% carboxymethylcellulose, and 66% were able to depolymerize starch. Our results provide first insights for a better understanding of the holobiont and give hints that bacteria influence the behavior of in culture.
干腐菌通过腐烂建筑木材造成严重的结构损坏，导致修复成本高昂。干腐菌分解纤维素和半纤维素，并且常常伴随着一系列细菌和其他真菌。细菌 - 真菌相互作用（BFI）对所有参与者都有相当大的影响，范围从拮抗关系到共生关系。采用基于培养的方法，我们发现[具体菌名]有许多共存的细菌，主要是革兰氏阳性菌，并证明了与不同真菌部分相关的群落存在差异。从子实体和菌丝体分离出的细菌以厚壁菌门为主，而从菌索分离出的细菌以变形菌门为主。放线菌门和拟杆菌门的数量较少。荧光原位杂交（FISH）分析表明，细菌不是以生物膜样形式存在，而是以独立细胞的形式分散在组织中及组织内，有时也附着在真菌孢子上。在共培养中，一些细菌分离株会抑制[具体菌名]的生长，反之亦然，还有一些会诱导真菌产生色素。研究发现，25%的分离株能够降解果胶，43%能够降解木聚糖，17%能够降解羧甲基纤维素，66%能够使淀粉解聚。我们的研究结果为更好地理解[具体菌名]这个共生体提供了初步见解，并暗示细菌会影响[具体菌名]在培养中的行为。
