MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
Chem Soc Rev. 2012 Sep 21;41(18):6103-24. doi: 10.1039/c2cs35088b. Epub 2012 Jun 13.
Nanoengineered multifunctional capsules with tailored structures and properties are of particular interest due to their multifunctions and potential applications as new colloidal structures in diverse fields. Among the available fabrication methods, the layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly of multilayer films onto colloidal particles followed by selective template removal has attracted extensive attention due to its advantages of precise control over the size, shape, composition, wall thickness and functions of the obtained capsules. The past decade has witnessed a rapid increase of research concerning the new fabrication strategies, functionalization and applications of this kind of capsules, particularly in the biomedical fields such as drug delivery, biosensors and bioreactors. In this critical review, the very recent progress of the multilayer capsules is summarized. First, the advances in assembly of capsules by the LbL technique are introduced with focus on tailoring the properties of hydrogen-bonded multilayer capsules by cross-linking, and fabrication of capsules based on covalent bonding and bio-specific interactions. Then the fabrication strategies which can speed up capsule fabrication are reviewed. In the following sections, the multi-compartmental capsules and the capsules that can transform their shape under stimulus are presented. Finally, the biomedical applications of multilayer capsules with particular emphasis on drug carriers, biosensors and bioreactors are described (306 references).
由于具有多功能性和在各个领域作为新型胶体结构的潜在应用，因此具有特定结构和性能的纳米工程多功能胶囊引起了特别的关注。在现有的制造方法中，通过层层（LbL）组装将多层膜沉积到胶体颗粒上，然后选择性地去除模板，由于其可以精确控制所得到的胶囊的大小、形状、组成、壁厚和功能，因此受到了广泛关注。在过去的十年中，人们对这种胶囊的新型制造策略、功能化和应用进行了快速研究，特别是在药物输送、生物传感器和生物反应器等生物医学领域。在这篇评论中，总结了多层胶囊的最新进展。首先，介绍了通过 LbL 技术组装胶囊的进展，重点介绍了通过交联来定制氢键多层胶囊的性能，以及基于共价键和生物特异性相互作用的胶囊的制造。然后综述了可以加速胶囊制造的制造策略。在接下来的几节中，介绍了多隔室胶囊和可以在刺激下改变形状的胶囊。最后，描述了多层胶囊在生物医学中的应用，特别强调了药物载体、生物传感器和生物反应器（306 篇参考文献）。
