Nuclear Receptor Group, Department of Physiology and Immunology, School of Biology, University of Barcelona, Spain.
Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz). 2012 Aug;60(4):235-49. doi: 10.1007/s00005-012-0179-9. Epub 2012 Jun 14.
Liver X receptors (LXRs) are members of the nuclear receptor superfamily that are activated by specific oxysterols. LXRs heterodimerize with retinoid X receptors to regulate positively the expression of a variety of target genes, many of which are involved in lipid and glucose metabolism. In the last few years, new targets of LXR activation have been identified with roles in the modulation of immune responses. Moreover, LXRs mediate repression of inflammatory pathways through mechanisms collectively known as transrepression. Here, we revise recent findings on the impact of LXR activation on immune responses, with an emphasis on advances in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms that mediate these effects.
肝 X 受体（LXRs）是核受体超家族的成员，被特定的氧化固醇激活。LXRs 与视黄酸 X 受体异二聚化，正向调节多种靶基因的表达，其中许多基因参与脂质和葡萄糖代谢。在过去的几年中，已经确定了 LXR 激活的新靶点，这些靶点在调节免疫反应中发挥作用。此外，LXR 通过统称为转录抑制的机制介导炎症途径的抑制。在这里，我们回顾了 LXR 激活对免疫反应的影响的最新发现，重点介绍了介导这些效应的分子机制的理解进展。
