Fan Yuan, Luka Rimas, Noronha Avertano
Department of Neurology, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
BMJ Case Rep. 2011 Apr 26;2011:bcr0120113712. doi: 10.1136/bcr.01.2011.3712.
Numb chin syndrome (NCS) is a rare yet potentially ominous sensory neuropathy characterised by unilateral hypoesthesia or paraesthesia over the lower lip, chin and occasionally gingival mucosa. Recognising NCS clinically is important as this may be a subtle sign of occult malignancy progression or relapses. Current expert opinion is that patients with NCS without apparent cause should be assumed to have a malignant aetiology until proven otherwise. By far the most common non-haematologic neoplastic cause of NCS is breast cancer, while the most common haematologic neoplastic cause is non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). The pathophysiology of NCS has been shown to be either direct compression of the mental nerve by tumour mass, leptomeningeal invasion or a bony lesion at mental foramen. Here we report a case of NHL presenting with NCS with no evidence of metastasis in brain parenchyma, cerebrospinal fluid or mandibular bone. Instead, diffuse dural thickening and focal lesion in clivus were identified. We propose that these may represent novel mechanisms of NCS.
麻木性颏部综合征(NCS)是一种罕见但可能预后不良的感觉神经病变,其特征为下唇、颏部,偶尔还有牙龈黏膜出现单侧感觉减退或感觉异常。临床上识别NCS很重要,因为这可能是隐匿性恶性肿瘤进展或复发的微妙迹象。目前的专家意见是,在未证明有其他病因之前,无明显病因的NCS患者应被假定为有恶性病因。到目前为止,NCS最常见的非血液系统肿瘤病因是乳腺癌,而最常见的血液系统肿瘤病因是非霍奇金淋巴瘤(NHL)。NCS的病理生理学已被证明是肿瘤肿块直接压迫颏神经、软脑膜浸润或颏孔处的骨质病变。在此,我们报告一例表现为NCS的NHL病例,在脑实质、脑脊液或下颌骨中均无转移证据。相反,发现斜坡有弥漫性硬脑膜增厚和局灶性病变。我们认为这些可能代表了NCS的新机制。